Transgenic or recombinant non-human mammals and their uses in screening psychoactive medicines
The invention concerns transgenic or recombinant non-human mammals, wherein the expression of the gene coding for a microtubule associated protein (MAP) is modified (STOP gene) (inactivation or overexpression) and their uses in screening medicines useful in schizophrenia and schizo-affective disorders, with anxious, paranoiac or depressive component.
1. A transgenic knockout mouse comprising a genome wherein both alleles of a gene encoding a Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) are inactivated by deleting at least the nucleotides corresponding to the nucleotide positions between 4118 and 5131 of SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein said transgenic knockout mouse is a model for selecting or screening psychoactive products, and wherein said transgenic knockout mouse exhibits a lack of mothering, disorders of social investigation, an abnormal state of anxiety, and short-term memory disorders.
2. The transgenic knockout mouse of claim 1 , wherein said inactivated alleles are obtained from a construct, said construct comprising a nucleic acid sequence derived from the same mouse or from a mouse that is different from the mouse into which said construct is inserted and wherein said construct is selected from the group consisting of: (i) constructs which do not comprise the region between nucleotide positions 4118 and 5131 of the genomic sequence SEQ ID NO:1 encoding a Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) and (ii) constructs comprising 4.1 kb of the Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) gene corresponding to the sequence consisting of nucleotides 1 to 4118 of SEQ ID NO:1, the gene encoding β- galactosidase, placed under the control of the endogenous Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) promoter, a neomycin resistance gene under the control of the PGK promoter, 1.57 kb of sequence of the Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) gene corresponding to the sequence consisting of nucleotides 5131 to 6701 of SEQ ID NO:1 and, finally, the thymidine kinase gene under the control of PGK promoter.
3. The transgenic knockout mouse of claim 2 , wherein the constructs comprise a region of the Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) promoter in combination with a reporter gene, said reporter gene being green fluorescent protein gene.
4. The transgenic knockout mouse of claim 1 , wherein said mouse exhibits deficiencies in synaptic plasticity.
5. The transgenic knockout mouse of claim 1 , wherein said mouse does not exhibit anatomical brain lesions detectable by microscopy.
6. A transgenic knockout mouse comprising a genome wherein both alleles of a gene encoding a Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) are inactivated by deleting at least the nucleotides corresponding to the nucleotide positions between 4118 and 5131 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein said transgenic mouse is a model for selecting or screening psychoactive products, and wherein said transgenic mouse exhibits a lack of mothering; disorders of social investigation consisting of (i) a reduction in the amount of time spent exploring an intruder, (ii) a decrease in the number of inter-male attacks, and (iii) a decrease in the amount of time spent fighting; an abnormal state of anxiety; and short-term memory disorders.
7. A transgenic knockout mouse comprising a genome wherein one allele of a gene encoding a Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) is inactivated by deleting at least the nucleotides corresponding to the nucleotide positions between 4118 and 5131 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein said transgenic knockout mouse is a model for selecting or screening psychoactive products, and wherein said transgenic knockout mouse exhibits disorders of social investigation and short-time memory disorders.
8. The transgenic mouse of claim 7 , wherein said inactivated allele is obtained from a construct comprising a nucleic acid sequence derived from the same mouse or from a mouse that is different from the mouse into which said construct is inserted and wherein said construct is selected from the group consisting of: (i) constructs which do not comprise the region between nucleotide positions 4118 and 5131 of the genomic sequence SEQ ID NO:1 encoding a Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) and (ii) constructs comprising 4.1 kb of the Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) gene corresponding to the sequence consisting of nucleotides 1 to 4118 of SEQ ID NO:1, the gene encoding β-galactosidase, placed under the control of the endogenous Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) promoter, a neomycin resistance gene under the control of the PGK promoter, 1.57 kb of sequence of the Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) gene corresponding to the sequence consisting of nucleotides 5131 to 6701 of SEQ ID NO:1 and, finally, the thymidine kinase gene under the control of PGK promoter.
9. The transgenic knockout mouse of claim 8 , wherein the constructs comprise a region of the Stable Tubulin Only Polypeptide Protein (STOP) promoter in combination with a reporter gene, said reporter gene being a green fluorescent protein gene.