Luminescent object and utilization thereof
A first aspect of the invention relates to a luminescent object comprising: a. a luminescent layer or core containing a photoluminescent material; and b. a wavelength-selective mirror; wherein the luminescent layer or luminescent core is optically coupled to the wavelength-selective mirror, said wavelength-selective mirror being at least 50% transparent to light absorbed by the photoluminescent material and at least 50% reflective to radiation that is emitted by the photoluminescent material. The luminescent object according to the present invention may advantageously be employed in luminescent solar concentrator systems as it enables highly efficient transportation of radiation emitted by the photoluminescent material following exposure to incident solar light. Another aspect of the invention concerns a photovoltaic device comprising an electromagnetic radiation collection medium containing the aforementioned luminescent object and a photovoltaic cell capable of converting optical radiation to electrical energy which is optically coupled to the luminescent object. Further aspects of the invention include a fluorescent light activated display and a room lighting system comprising the aforementioned luminescent object.
1. A luminescent object comprising:
a luminescent layer or core containing a photoluminescent material and a wavelength-selective mirror;
wherein the luminescent layer or luminescent core is optically coupled to the wavelength-selective mirror;
wherein the wavelength-selective minor is at least 50% transparent to light absorbed by the photoluminescent material and at least 50% reflective to radiation that is emitted by the photoluminescent material;
wherein the wavelength-selective minor comprises a cholesteric layer of chiral nematic polymer, the cholesteric layer comprises one;
and
wherein the reflectivity of the wavelength-selective mirror for radiation emitted by the photoluminescent material exceeds the reflectivity of the same minor for optical radiation absorbed by the photoluminescent material by at least 50%.
2. The luminescent object according to claim 1 , wherein the cholesteric layer of the wavelength-selective mirror comprises a first cholesteric layer reflecting right-handed circularly polarized light and a second cholesteric layer reflecting left-handed circularly polarized light.
3. The luminescent object according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelength-selective mirror further comprises a first polymeric stack layer reflecting one polarization of light and a second polymeric stack layer reflecting an opposite polarization of light.
4. The luminescent object according to claim 1 , wherein the reflectivity of the wavelength-selective mirror for radiation emitted by the photoluminescent material exceeds the reflectivity of the same minor for optical radiation absorbed by the photoluminescent material by at least 80%.
5. The luminescent object according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelength-selective mirror is at least 60% reflective to radiation that is emitted by the photoluminescent material.
6. The luminescent object according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelength-selective mirror is at least 70% reflective to radiation that is emitted by the photoluminescent material.
7. The luminescent object according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelength-selective mirror further comprises a mirror which is at least 50% transparent to light absorbed by the photoluminescent material and that is at least 50% reflective to polarized radiation.
8. The luminescent object according to claim 1 , wherein the object is predominantly transparent for optical radiation in the range of 400-700 nm.
9. The luminescent object according to claim 1 further comprising a luminescent layer and a waveguide, wherein the luminescent object is an optical laminate or an optical fiber;
wherein the luminescent object is coupled optically to the waveguide, the luminescent object comprises an aligned polymer that contains an oriented photoluminescent material;
wherein the oriented photoluminescent material is immobilized within the aligned polymer; and
wherein the aligned polymer has a pretilt angle of 10-90° relative to the surface of the object.
10. The luminescent object according to claim 1 , wherein the object is an optical fiber comprising a luminescent layer and a waveguide core.
11. The luminescent object according to claim 10 , wherein the luminescent layer or luminescent core and the wavelength-selective mirror are adjacent.
12. The luminescent object according to claim 1 wherein the wavelength-selective mirror is at least 60% transparent to light absorbed by the photoluminescent material.
13. The luminescent object according to claim 12 , wherein the wavelength-selective mirror is at least 70% transparent to light absorbed by the photoluminescent material.
14. The luminescent object according to claim 1 , wherein the luminescent layer or luminescent core comprises an aligned polymer that contains an oriented photoluminescent material.
15. The luminescent object according to claim 14 , wherein the object is an optical fiber comprising a luminescent core and a waveguide.
16. The luminescent object according to claim 14 , wherein the waveguide does not comprise a fluorescent dye.
17. The luminescent object according to claim 14 , wherein the pretilt angle is within the range of 15°-85°.
18. The luminescent object according to claim 14 , wherein the pretilt angle is within the range of 30°-60°.
19. The luminescent object according to claim 14 , wherein the oriented photoluminescent material has a dichroic ratio of at least 2.0 in a planar cell.
20. The luminescent object according to claim 14 , wherein the oriented photoluminescent material has a dichroic ratio of at least 3.0 in a planar cell.
21. The luminescent object according to claim 14 , wherein the oriented photoluminescent material has a dichroic ratio of at least 5.0 in a planar cell.
22. The luminescent object according to claim 14 , wherein the aligned polymer has a pretilt angle of 30°-80°.
23. The luminescent object according to claim 14 , wherein the aligned polymer has a pretilt angle of 30°-70°.
24. The luminescent object according to claim 14 , wherein the aligned polymer has a pretilt angle of 40°-70°.
25. The luminescent object according to claim 14 , wherein the aligned polymer has a pretilt angle of 40°-60°.
26. A photovoltaic device comprising:
a photovoltaic cell and an electromagnetic radiation collection medium;
wherein the photovoltaic cell is capable of converting optical radiation to electrical energy and is optically coupled to a luminescent object;
wherein the electromagnetic radiation collection medium comprises the luminescent object;
the luminescent object comprises: a luminescent layer or core containing a photoluminescent material and a wavelength-selective mirror;
wherein the luminescent layer or luminescent core is optically coupled to the wavelength- selective mirror;
wherein the wavelength-selective minor is at least 50% transparent to light absorbed by the photoluminescent material and at least 50% reflective to radiation that is emitted by the photoluminescent material;
wherein the wavelength-selective minor comprises a cholesteric layer of chiral nematic polymer, the cholesteric layer comprises one of
and
wherein the reflectivity of the wavelength-selective mirror for radiation emitted by the photoluminescent material exceeds the reflectivity of the same mirror for optical radiation absorbed by the photoluminescent material by at least 50%.
27. A window comprising a luminescent object and a photovoltaic cell;
wherein the photovoltaic cell is capable of converting optical radiation to electrical energy and is optically coupled to the luminescent object;
wherein the luminescent object comprises a luminescent layer or core containing a photoluminescent material and a wavelength-selective mirror;
wherein the luminescent layer or luminescent core is optically coupled to the wavelength-selective mirror;
wherein the wavelength-selective minor is at least 50% transparent to
light absorbed by the photoluminescent material and at least 50% reflective to radiation that is emitted by the photoluminescent material;
wherein the wavelength-selective minor comprises a cholesteric layer of chiral
nematic polymer, the cholesteric layer comprising one of
and
wherein the reflectivity of the wavelength-selective mirror for radiation emitted by the photoluminescent material exceeds the reflectivity of the same mirror for optical radiation absorbed by the photoluminescent material by at least 50%.
28. A method of concentrating incident optical radiation comprising subjecting the incident optical radiation to a luminescent object comprising: a luminescent layer or core containing a photoluminescent material and a wavelength-selective minor;
wherein the luminescent layer or luminescent core is optically coupled to the wavelength- selective mirror;
wherein the wavelength-selective minor is at least 50% transparent to light absorbed by the photoluminescent material and at least 50% reflective to radiation that is emitted by the photoluminescent material;
wherein the wavelength-selective minor comprises a cholesteric layer of chiral nematic polymer, the cholesteric layer comprising one of
wherein the reflectivity of the wavelength- selective minor for radiation emitted by the photoluminescent material exceeds the reflectivity of the same mirror for optical radiation absorbed by the photoluminescent material by at least 50%.