Rotating harmonic rejection mixer
View Patent ↗In one embodiment, the present invention includes a mixer circuit to receive and generate a mixed signal from a radio frequency (RF) signal and a master clock signal, a switch stage coupled to an output of the mixer circuit to rotatingly switch the mixed signal to multiple gain stages coupled to the switch stage, and a combiner to combine an output of the gain stages.
1. An apparatus comprising:
a master radio frequency (RF) device to receive an incoming RF signal and provide an RF current, the master RF device comprising at least one transconductor;
a master local oscillator (LO) device coupled to an output of the master RF device, the master LO device to receive the RF current and mix the RF current with a master clock signal to obtain a mixed signal;
a rotating switch device coupled to the master LO device to cyclically switch the mixed signal to one of a plurality of output ports of the rotating switch device;
a plurality of mixer loads each coupled to one of the plurality of output ports, each of the plurality of mixer loads to perform gaining and filtering of the mixed signal;
a plurality of gain stages each coupled to one of the plurality of mixer loads to weight the output of the corresponding mixer load and to provide an output to a summer.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one transconductor is to be gated by the incoming RF signal and to pass the RF current to the master LO device, wherein the at least one transconductor comprises a single differential transconductance.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the master LO device comprises a plurality of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) each having a first terminal to receive the RF current from the master RF device, a gate terminal to receive the master clock signal, and a second terminal to output the mixed signal.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the rotating switch device comprises a plurality of rotating switches each comprising a transistor to receive the mixed signal from the second terminal of the corresponding MOSFET and to output the mixed signal when the transistor is enabled by a control signal, wherein a value of the control signal is changed when a value of the master clock signal is at a low state.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least some of the plurality of gain stages have a value according to
sin
(
2
π
N
k
)
,
where k is 0 to N−1 and N corresponds to a number of the plurality of mixer loads.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the plurality of gain stages include matched passive components and unmatched active components.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the master LO device includes unmatched active components.
8. An apparatus comprising:
a master radio frequency (RF) device to receive an incoming RF signal and provide an RF current;
a master local oscillator (LO) device coupled to an output of the master RF device, the master LO device to receive the RF current and mix the RF current with a master clock signal to obtain a mixed signal;
a rotating switch coupled to the master LO device to cyclically switch the mixed signal to one of a plurality of output ports of the rotating switch responsive to a control signal;
a plurality of mixer loads each coupled to one of the plurality of output ports, each of the plurality of mixer loads corresponding to an RC filter;
a plurality of gain stages each coupled to one of the plurality of mixer loads to weight the output of the corresponding mixer load.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 , further comprising a summer coupled to the plurality of gain stages to sum an output of each of the gain stages.
10. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the master RF device comprises at least one transconductor to be gated by the incoming RF signal and to pass the RF current to the master LO device.
11. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the master LO device comprises a plurality of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) each having a first terminal to receive the RF current from the master RF device, a gate terminal to receive the master clock signal, and a second terminal to output the mixed signal.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the rotating switch comprises a plurality of rotating switches each comprising a transistor to receive the mixed signal from the second terminal of the corresponding MOSFET and to output the mixed signal when the transistor is enabled by the control signal, wherein a value of the control signal is changed when a value of the master clock signal is at a low state.
13. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein at least some of the plurality of gain stages have a value according to
cos
(
2
π
N
k
)
,
where k is 0 to N−1 and N corresponds to a number of the plurality of mixer loads.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the plurality of gain stages include matched passive components and unmatched active components.
15. The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the master LO device includes unmatched active components.
16. The apparatus of claim 8 , further comprising a low noise amplifier (LNA) to receive the incoming RF signal.
17. The apparatus of claim 8 , further comprising a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) to generate a VCO frequency, and a frequency divider to divide the VCO frequency to obtain the master clock signal.