Scalable reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer
A system and methods are disclosed for a hybrid silicon-organic scalable reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. An embodiment of a scalable reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) includes an optical bus for optical signals of different wavelengths, a plurality of add/drop optical waveguides, and a plurality of ring resonators, each being optically coupled to the optical bus and to one of the add/drop optical waveguides. The ring resonators are coated with an organic electro-optic cladding layer and are configured to switch wavelength selected optical signals between the optical bus and the add/drop optical waveguides in response to control voltages applied to the organic electro-optic cladding layer. The individual ring resonators of the ROADM can be independently modulated and tuned to filter specific wavelengths.
1. A scalable reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) comprising:
a plurality of ring resonators, each resonator including a ridge waveguide coated with a poled organic electro-optic cladding layer, and having a protective layer thereon, the protective layer having dielectric isolation properties.
2. The ROADM according to claim 1 , further comprising a voltage controller coupled to the ring resonators and configured to apply control voltages to the electrodes.
3. The ROADM according to claim 2 , wherein the control voltages change a selection of wavelength selected optical signals by the ring resonators by altering a refractive index of the organic electro-optic cladding layer.
4. A scalable reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) comprising:
an optical source bus;
N input/output optical waveguides; and
N ring resonators coupled to the optical source bus as a linear array, each ring resonator also optically coupled to a corresponding input/output waveguide, each resonator including a ridge waveguide coated with a poled organic electro-optic cladding layer, and having a protective layer thereon to enable the ROADM to perform rapid wavelength selective switching of packets.
5. The scalable ROADM according to claim 4 , wherein the N input/output optical waveguides are configured to concurrently accommodate N different wavelengths.
6. The scalable ROADM according to claim 4 , wherein the protective layer includes a fluoropolymer.
7. The scalable ROADM according to claim 6 , further comprising a voltage controller configured to apply N control voltages to the organic electro-optic cladding for the N ring resonators, respectively.
8. The scalable ROADM according to claim 7 , further comprising an electrode architecture coupled to the voltage controller.
9. The scalable ROADM according to claim 7 , wherein the ridge waveguide includes a pair of unequal diameter ring resonators to increase free spectral range (FSR) of wavelength tuning by a Vernier effect.
10. The scalable ROADM according to claim 4 , wherein each resonator further includes electrodes on of opposite sides of the ridge waveguide, the electrodes also coated with the cladding and configured to apply an E-field across the cladding such that the E-field spans the ridge waveguide but does not span optical coupling regions with the optical bus and corresponding input/output waveguide.
11. The ROADM according to claim 1 , further comprising an optical source bus, the resonators spaced apart along the optical source bus and coupled as a linear array to the optical source bus.
12. The ROADM according to claim 1 , further comprising an optical source bus and a plurality of input/output waveguides, each ring resonator coupled to the bus and a corresponding one of the input/output waveguides; wherein each resonator further includes electrodes on opposite sides of the ridge waveguide, the ridge waveguide and the electrodes also coated with the cladding and configured to apply an E-field that spans the cladding and the ridge waveguide, but does not span optical coupling regions with the optical bus and the corresponding input/output waveguide.
13. The ROADM according to claim 1 , wherein each ring resonator includes lower electrodes on opposite sides of the ridge waveguide, and an upper electrode above the ridge waveguide; and wherein the protective layer is between the upper and lower electrodes.
14. The ROADM according to claim 1 , wherein the protective layer includes a flouropolymer.
15. The ROADM according to claim 14 , wherein the fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
16. The ROADM according to claim 1 , wherein the organic cladding is prepared from one of YLD 124 in APC; YLD156 in PMMA; and YL124 is PSLD41.
17. The ROADM according to claim 1 , wherein the ridge waveguide includes first and second unequal rings to increase free spectral range (FSR) by a Vernier effect.