Methods and apparatus for performing flue gas pollution control and/or energy recovery
Methods and apparatus for pollution control which are well suited for use in a coal power plant are described. Ash is collected and injected into the flue gas stream at a location upstream of a cooling module. The ash acts as an absorbent and/or reactant material onto which condensate may condense. By re-introducing ash to keep the condensation forming wet areas within the system, lower cost materials which are less corrosion resistant than needed for wet operating conditions can be used. Mercury recovery and SO3 removal is facilitated by the cooling process and re-introduction of collected ash. Activated carbon and/or an alkali absorbent material may be added. Use of a dry ESP and/or fabric filter as opposed to a wet ESP for particulate collection leads to cost benefits. Energy recovered by the cooling of the flue gas may be re-used to heat turbine condensate leading to improved energy efficiency.
1. A flue gas stream treatment assembly, comprising:
an ash storage element for storing collected ash;
a selective catalytic reactor through which the flue gas stream passes;
an injection module for injecting said ash into the flue gas stream, said injection module having an outlet located within the flue gas stream downstream of the selective catalytic reactor (SCR) and being coupled to said ash storage element; and
a gas cooler located downstream of said injection module.
2. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 1 , further comprising:
an energy recovery module for preheating one or both of: i) a material to be injected into the flue gas stream and ii) steam turbine condensate, using energy removed from said flue gas by said flue gas cooling unit.
3. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 1 , further comprising:
an air heater located in said flue gas stream upstream of the outlet of said injection module for injecting said ash; and
wherein steam turbine condensate is passed through said gas cooler to absorb heat from said flue gas stream.
4. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 1 , wherein said ash storage element includes one of: i) a hopper at said gas cooler used to store ash collected at said gas cooler from said flue gas stream and ii) a hopper at a particulate removal device used to store ash collected from said flue gas stream.
5. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a particulate removal device coupled to said gas cooler.
6. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 5 , wherein said particulate removal device includes an electrostatic participator.
7. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 5 , wherein said particulate removal device includes a fabric filter.
8. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 4 , further comprising:
an activated carbon storage element; and
an activated carbon injection module for injecting activated carbon into said flue gas stream at a point between said gas cooler and said particulate removal device.
9. A flue gas stream treatment assembly, comprising:
an ash storage element for storing collected ash;
an injection module for injecting said ash into the flue gas stream, said injection module having an outlet located within the flue gas stream and being coupled to said ash storage element;
a gas cooler located downstream of said injection module;
an air heater located in said flue gas stream upstream of said gas cooler; and
wherein said ash storage element is a hopper on said air heater used to store ash collected at said air heater from said flue gas stream.
10. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 9 , wherein said injection module is located in said flue gas stream at a point between said air heater and said gas cooler.
11. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a particulate removal device coupled to said gas cooler; and
wherein said ash storage element is an ash silo used to store ash removed by said particulate removal device from said flue gas stream.
12. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 1 , further comprising:
an alkali absorbent material storage silo for storing an alkali absorbent material.
13. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 12 , further comprising:
an alkali absorbent material injection module for injecting said alkali absorbent material into said flue gas stream upstream of said gas cooler.
14. The flue gas treatment assembly of claim 13 , further comprising:
an air heater located upstream of said gas cooler; and
wherein said ash injection module is located between said air heater and said gas cooler.
15. A flue gas stream treatment assembly, comprising:
an ash storage element for storing collected ash;
an injection module for injecting said ash into the flue gas stream, said injection module having an outlet located within the flue gas stream and being coupled to said ash storage element;
a gas cooler located downstream of said injection module; and
a control module for controlling the amount of ash injected into said flue gas stream, said control module controlling the injection module to inject sufficient ash to keep ash in the gas cooler from becoming wet due to condensation.
16. A flue gas treatment assembly comprising:
an ash storage element for storing collected ash;
an ash injection module for injecting said ash into the flue gas stream, said ash injection module having an outlet located within the flue gas stream and being coupled to said ash storage element;
a gas cooler located downstream of said injection module;
an alkali absorbent material storage silo for storing an alkali absorbent material;
an alkali absorbent material injection module for injecting said alkali absorbent material into said flue gas stream upstream of said gas cooler;
an air heater located upstream of said gas cooler, said ash injection module being located between said air heater and said gas cooler;
wherein said alkali absorbent material injection module coupled to said absorbent material storage element is located upstream of said air heater.