Isomaltooligosaccharides to inhibit avian pathogenic intestinal bacteria
Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 13146 fermentation with a sucrose:maltose ratio of 2:1 have been discovered to be effective prebiotics in mixed cultures of microbial populations, including cultures from chicken ceca. Surprisingly in mixed microbial cultures this IMO composition proved as effective as FOS. Thus, these IMOs can be used as effective prebiotics for both birds and mammals. Moreover, the IMOs were discovered to be effective non-competitive inhibitors of α-glucosidase. These IMOs also will be useful, as an α-glucosidase inhibitor, in a therapeutic application for several diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, caries, cancer, viral disease such as hepatitis B and C, HIV, and AIDS. A diet with 5-20% IMOs was also shown to reduce the abdominal fat tissue in mammals.
1. A composition for decreasing the population numbers of pathogenic bacteria in a bird's intestine, said composition comprising a commercial avian food and two or more isomaltooligosaccharides, wherein each isomaltooligosaccharide has at least one α-1,4 linkage and at least one α-1,6 linkages, has a degree of polymerization between 2 and 7, and has maltose at the reducing end; wherein said isomaltooligosaccharides are produced by fermentation of sucrose in the presence of maltose, in a sucrose:maltose ratio of about 2:1, by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 13146; and wherein the isomaltooligosaccharides are at a concentration from about 0.1% to about 20% w/w food.
2. A composition as in claim 1 , wherein the isomaltooligosaaccharide concentration is from about 0.1% to about 4% w/w food.
3. A method to decrease the populations numbers of pathogenic bacteria in a bird's intestine, comprising orally administering to the bird the composition as in claim 1 .
4. A method as in claim 3 , wherein the bird is a chicken.
5. A method as in claim 3 , wherein the pathogenic bacteria is one or more selected from the group consisting of Salmonella, Escherichia , and Campylobacter.
6. A method as in claim 5 , wherein the pathogenic bacteria is Salmonella.