Biphenyl inhibitors of carbonyl reductase
Compositions of matter and methods of treating cancer patients may prevent or limit cardiotoxicity during or after chemotherapy, and/or may prevent or lower resistance to anthracycline drugs, both of which are believed to be caused by the human enzyme carbonyl reductase. Thus, the compositions and methods may be used to reduce the dosages of anthracycline anti-cancer drugs necessary to produce a desired cancer-cell-killing performance. Preferred embodiments comprise treating cancer patients with a pharmaceutical composition comprising biphenyl compounds having two halogenated (or pseudo-halogenated) and/or hydroxylated, aryl groups that are linked by a bridging atom. The preferred composition of biphenyl compound(s) may be administered in a pharmaceutical composition also comprising at least one anthracycline compound, or may be administered separately than the at least one anthracycline compound. Especially-preferred biphenyl compounds include triclosan, hexachlorophene, and dichlorophene.
1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one anthracycline compound selected from the group consisting of adriamycin, daunomycin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin, and mixtures of two or more thereof, and at least one carbonyl reductase enzyme inhibitor compound selected from the group consisting of triclosan, hexachlorophene, dichlorophene, and mixtures of two or more thereof, and wherein said at least one enzyme inhibitor exhibits a K II value in the range of 0.23-78 microMolar.
2. A composition as in claim 1 wherein said carbonyl reductase inhibitor compound is triclosan and exhibits a K II value of 0.23 microMolar.
3. A method for reducing effective doses of anthracycline effective for cancer chemotherapy in a human in need thereof, the method comprising:
administering to the human a composition comprising an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one anthracycline compound selected from the group consisting of adriamycin, daunomycin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin, and mixtures of two or more thereof, and at least one enzyme inhibitor lowering effective doses of anthracycline, said at least one enzyme inhibitor comprising a human carbonyl reductase enzyme inhibitor selected from the group consisting of triclosan, hexachlorophene, dichlorophene, and mixtures of two or more thereof, and exhibits a K II value in the range of 0.23-78 microMolar.
4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising reducing cardiotoxicity associated with anthracycline cancer chemotherapy by means of said at least one enzyme inhibitor inhibiting human carbonyl reductase.
5. A method for improving efficacy of anthracycline chemotherapy by inhibiting carbonyl reductase in a human, the method comprising:
administering to the human a first pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one anthracycline compound selected from the group consisting of adriamycin, daunomycin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin, and mixtures of two or more thereof; and,
also administering to the human a second pharmaceutical composition comprising an enzyme inhibitor comprising at least one carbonyl reductase enzyme inhibitor compound, wherein said at least one carbonyl reductase enzyme inhibitor compound is selected from the group consisting of triclosan, hexachlorophene, dichlorophene, and mixtures of two or more thereof, and wherein said at least one enzyme inhibitor exhibits a K II value in the range of 0.23-78 microMolar.
6. A method as in claim 5 , wherein said second pharmaceutical composition is administered at the same time as said first pharmaceutical composition.
7. A method as in claim 5 , wherein said second pharmaceutical composition is administered within two hours or less of said first pharmaceutical composition.
8. A method as in claim 5 , wherein said second pharmaceutical is administered prior to the first pharmaceutical composition.
9. A method as in claim 5 , wherein said second pharmaceutical is administered after the first pharmaceutical composition.