High capacity chiller compressor
A high efficiency, low maintenance single stage or multi-stage centrifugal compressor assembly for large cooling installations. The assembly is highly efficient by virtue of a variable frequency drive (VFD) that drives a permanent magnet motor and matches compressor speed with compressor load, a direct drive impeller that eliminates gearing losses, and magnetic bearings that reduce frictional losses. The back-emf produced by the motor provides an intermediate power source for the magnetic bearings in the event of a loss of electrical power. A cooling system provides direct cooling of the rotor with gas refrigerant, and cooling of the stator with liquid refrigerant. Modular construction allows the compressor to be retrofit with upgrades. An inlet guide vane system operates without need for oil lubrication. The use of light metal castings and elimination of gearing reduces the weight to one-third or less of comparably powered conventional units.
1. A chiller system comprising:
a compressor assembly including a permanent magnet motor and an aerodynamic section, said permanent magnet motor including a rotor assembly operatively coupled with a motor shaft and a stator assembly to produce rotation of said motor shaft, said motor shaft being operatively coupled with at least two magnetic bearings and being rotatable about a rotational axis, said motor shaft and said aerodynamic section being arranged for direct drive of said aerodynamic section, wherein said motor shaft further comprises at least one longitudinal passage and at least one aspiration passage disposed proximate to the end of said longitudinal passage, said at least one longitudinal passage extending substantially parallel with said rotational axis of said motor shaft through at least said portion of said motor shaft, each of said at least one aspiration passage defining an axis having a component that is normal to said rotational axis and being in fluid communication with said at least one longitudinal passage;
a condenser section and an evaporator section, each operatively coupled with said aerodynamic section, said condenser section having a higher operating pressure than said evaporator section;
a liquid bypass circuit that cools said stator assembly with a liquid refrigerant, said liquid refrigerant being supplied by said condenser section and returned to said evaporator section, said liquid refrigerant being motivated through said liquid bypass circuit by said higher operating pressure of said condenser section relative to said evaporator section; and
a gas bypass circuit that cools said rotor assembly with a gas refrigerant having a source line and a return line and including said at least one longitudinal passage and said at least one aspiration passage, said source line and said return line being connected directly to said evaporator section, said gas refrigerant being drawn from said evaporator section and returned to said evaporator section by pressure differences caused by said rotation of said at least one aspiration passage about said rotational axis.
2. The chiller system of claim 1 further comprising a throttling device operatively coupled with said gas bypass circuit for regulating a flow rate of said gas refrigerant.