Optical concentrators having one or more line foci and related methods
In accordance with the present invention optical concentrators with one or more, preferably two, line foci are disclosed. Such optical concentrators preferably comprise primary and optional secondary optics that function as optical concentrators. Preferred exemplary optical concentrators in accordance with the present invention include one or more line foci in that rays incident and parallel to the optical axis of such optical concentrators are concentrated onto one or more distinct linear regions of focused light.
1 . An optical concentrator, the optical concentrator comprising:
a body comprising a top and a bottom and comprising an entrance aperture that allows radiation to be concentrated to enter an interior space of the body, an exit that allows concentrated radiation to leave the interior space of the body, the exit positioned at an intermediate position between the top and bottom of the body, and a radiation receiver operatively positioned relative to and in optical communication with the exit; and
a reflective surface positioned within the interior space the body comprising a line focus that provides a linear region of focused radiation to the exit.
2 . The optical concentrator of claim 1 , wherein the body comprises a trough.
3 . The optical concentrator of claim 1 , wherein the radiation receiver comprises a photovoltaic cell.
4 . The optical concentrator of claim 1 , wherein the reflective surface comprises a parabolic surface.
5 . The optical concentrator of claim 1 , further comprising a cover that at least partially enclosed the interior space of the body and that allows radiation to be concentrated to enter the interior space of the body.
6 . The optical concentrator of claim 1 , further comprising plural reflective surfaces.
7 . The optical concentrator of claim 6 , further comprising plural exits.
8 . The optical concentrator of claim 1 , further comprising an additional optic operatively positioned at the exit and distinct from the reflective surface.
9 . The optical concentrator of claim 8 , wherein the additional optic comprises a reflective optic.
10 . The optical concentrator of claim 8 , wherein the additional optic comprises a refractive optic.
11 . The optical concentrator of claim 1 , further comprising one or more self-refrigeration device.
12 . The optical concentrator of claim 11 , wherein the one or more self-refrigeration device comprises one or more of a heat spreader and a cooling fin.
13 . The optical concentrator of claim 1 , comprising an unobstructed light path between the entrance aperture and the radiation receiver.
14 . An optical concentrator, the optical concentrator comprising:
an optical axis;
an axis of concentration;
a body comprising a top and a bottom and comprising an entrance aperture that allows radiation to be concentrated to enter an interior space of the body, an exit that allows concentrated radiation to leave the interior space of the body, and a radiation receiver operatively positioned relative to and in optical communication with the exit; and
a reflective surface positioned within the interior space the body;
wherein the optical concentrator comprises a first field of view having a first angle and capable of collecting rays from a radiation source that are substantially parallel to a plane formed by the optical axis and the axis of concentration, and a second field of view having a second angle substantially greater than the first angle and capable of collecting diffuse radiation, wherein rays of said diffuse radiation are from a direction different than substantially parallel to the radiation source.
15 . The optical concentrator of claim 14 , wherein the exit is positioned at an intermediate position between the top and bottom of the body.
16 . The optical concentrator of claim 14 , wherein the reflective surface comprises a parabolic surface.
17 . The optical concentrator of claim 14 , further comprising plural reflective surfaces.
18 . The optical concentrator of claim 17 , further comprising plural exits.
19 . A method of concentrating radiation in a solar concentrator, the method comprising the steps of:
causing solar radiation to impinge on one or more reflective surfaces of an optical concentrator;
focusing the radiation to one or more linear focused region with the one or more reflective surfaces of the optical concentrator; and
directing the one or more linear focused regions to one or more receivers positioned at an intermediate location between a top and bottom of the optical concentrator.
20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the optical concentrator comprises any of the optical concentrators recited in claims 1 - 18 .