Dual path immunoassay device
The systems of the invention include test cells with a first sorbent material defining a first flow path for a solution, a second sorbent material defining a second flow path distinct from the first flow path for a sample, and a test site with immobilized antigens or antibodies or other ligand binding molecules such as aptamers, nucleic acids, etc. located at the junction of the first and second sorbent materials for identifying one or more ligands. The first and second sorbent strips touch each other at the test site location. The test cell may be used to test for pregnancy, HIV (including different HIV antigens or peptides), tuberculosis, prion, urin-analysis/drug, cardiac markers, cancer markers, Chagas, Chlamydia, dental bacteria (SM/LC), influenza A, influenza B, adenovirus, rotavirus, strep A, other bacteria or viruses, etc., and veterinary applications such as CPV, FIV, FeLV, heartworm, etc., although it is not limited to those applications.
1. A test device for use with a solution and for use with a conjugate having a marker, the test device for determining the presence of a plurality of different ligands in a liquid sample, the test device comprising:
a) a first sorbent strip having a first location for receiving a solution and defining a first migration path for the solution and the conjugate;
b) a second sorbent strip distinct from said first sorbent strip having a second location for receiving the liquid sample and defining a second migration path for the sample distinct from said first migration path; and
c) a test site located on or in said first sorbent strip and/or said second sorbent strip, said test site having a plurality of separate immobilized ligand-binding mechanisms for separately binding to respective of the plurality of different ligands, and said first and second sorbent strips touching each other at the test site, and said second migration path extending laterally from said second location to at least said test site such that application of the liquid sample to the second location requires time for the liquid sample to laterally flow to the test site and does not immediately wet the test site upon application.
2. A test device according to claim 1 , wherein:
said plurality of separate immobilized ligand-binding mechanisms are arranged in at least four lines containing respectively different HIV antigens or antibodies.
3. A test device according to claim 2 , wherein:
said different HIV antigens or antibodies comprise at least four of p24, gp41, gp120, gp160 and gp36.
4. A test device according to claim 1 , further comprising:
said conjugate, wherein
said first sorbent strip supports said conjugate.
5. A test device according to claim 4 , wherein:
each said immobilized ligand-binding mechanism is an antigen or antibody for respective of said different ligands, and said conjugate comprises antigens and/or antibodies for the different ligands and a marker coupled to the antigens and/or antibodies.
6. A test device according to claim 5 , wherein:
said marker is a colored marker viewable in the visible spectrum.
7. A test device according to claim 1 , wherein:
said first sorbent strip and said second sorbent strip are arranged in a “T” configuration or a “+” configuration.
8. A test device according to claim 1 , wherein:
said first sorbent strip has a first pore size and said second sorbent strip has a second pore size.
9. A test device according to claim 1 , wherein:
at least a portion of said test site is dyed with a visible colored dye.