Voltage converter apparatus and method therefor
View Patent ↗In the field of step-down voltage conversion, it is known to regulate an output of a DC-DC converter circuit with both a Pulse Wave Modulation voltage signal or a Pulse Frequency Modulation voltage signal, depending upon a current demand made upon the DC-DC converter circuit. Typically, circuits to generate both voltage signals are provided and selection of the appropriate regulation mode is achieved by means of a pin and decision software controlling the pin. However, the use of the pin and the software is an overhead that is desirably avoided. Consequently, the present invention provides a voltage conversion apparatus comprising a signal analyzer to analyze a load current signal and compare a characteristic of the load current signal to at least one predetermined criterion. Regulation by the PWM signal or the PFM signal is selected in response to the evaluation of the comparison with the at least one criterion.
1. A voltage converter apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
a first output controller to control, when in use, a form of an output signal in accordance with a first voltage regulation scheme, the first voltage regulation scheme comprising a pulse width modulation scheme;
a second output controller to control, when in use, the form of the output signal in accordance with a second voltage regulation scheme, the second voltage regulation scheme comprising a pulse frequency modulation scheme;
a signal analyser to analyze a load current signal associated with the output signal to determine a load current pulse time representing a sum of a rising period of the load current signal and a falling period of the load current signal divided by a period of the pulse width modulation scheme; and
a selector coupled to the signal analyser, the selector to switch, when in use, between control of the form of the output signal by the first output controller and the second output controller in response to a relationship between the load current pulse time and a first threshold.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the selector is to switch from control of the form of the output signal by the first output controller to control of the form of the output signal by the second output controller in response to the load current pulse time being less than the first threshold.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the selector is arranged to switch from control of the form of the output signal by the second output controller to control of the form of the output signal by the first output controller in response to the load current pulse time exceeding the first threshold.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first output controller is a pulse wave modulation control circuit in a discontinuous conduction mode.
5. A method of voltage conversion, the method comprising:
selectively controlling a form of an output signal in accordance with a first voltage regulation scheme, the first voltage regulation scheme comprising a pulse width modulation scheme;
selectively controlling the form of the output signal in accordance with a second voltage regulation scheme, the second voltage regulation scheme comprising a pulse frequency modulation scheme;
analysing a load current signal associated with the output signal to determine a load current pulse time representing a sum of a rising period of the load current signal and a falling period of the load current signal divided by a period of the pulse width modulation scheme; and
selecting between control of the form of the output signal in accordance with the first voltage regulation scheme and the second voltage regulation scheme in response to a relationship between the load current pulse time and a first threshold.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising:
switching from control of the form of the output signal in accordance with the first voltage regulation scheme to control of the form of the output signal in accordance with the second voltage regulation scheme in response to the load current pulse time being less than the first threshold.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6 , further comprising:
switching from control of the form of the output signal in accordance with the second voltage regulation scheme to control of the form of the output signal in accordance with the first voltage regulation scheme in response to the load current pulse time exceeding the first threshold.
8. A voltage converter apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
a first output controller to control, in a first operating mode, a form of an output signal in accordance with a first voltage regulation scheme, the first voltage regulation scheme comprising a pulse width modulation scheme;
a second output controller to control, in a second operating mode, the form of the output signal in accordance with a second voltage regulation scheme, the second voltage regulation scheme comprising a pulse frequency modulation scheme;
a signal analyzer to analyze a load current signal associated with the output signal; and
a selector coupled to the signal analyzer, the selector to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode in response to the load current signal satisfying a first predetermined criterion on multiple consecutive occasions, and to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode in response to the load current signal satisfying a second predetermined criterion on multiple consecutive occasions;
wherein the first predetermined condition comprises a load current pulse time exceeding a first threshold value, the load current pulse time being calculated as a sum of a rising period of the load current signal and a falling period of the load current signal divided by the period of the pulse width modulation scheme; and
wherein the second predetermined condition comprises a pulse frequency modulation switching period of the load current signal exceeding a second threshold.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the load current signal is based on an average current flowing through an inductor associated with the conversion circuit.
10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the first threshold is a specified percentage of a period of the load current signal.
11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the specified percentage is approximately 75%.
12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first threshold is a specified percentage of a period of the load current signal.
13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the specified percentage is approximately 75%.
14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the selector is to switch, when in use, between control of the form of the output signal by the first output controller and the second output controller in response to the load current pulse time exceeding the first threshold for a specified number of consecutive occasions.
15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the selector is to switch, when in use, between control of the form of the output signal by the first output controller and the second output controller further in response to a relationship between a pulse frequency modulation switching period of the load current signal and a second threshold.
16. A method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the first threshold is a specified percentage of a period of the load current signal.
17. A method as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the specified percentage is approximately 75%.
18. A method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein selecting between control of the form of the output signal in accordance with the first voltage regulation scheme and the second voltage regulation scheme comprises selecting between control of the form of the output signal in accordance with the first voltage regulation scheme and the second voltage regulation scheme in response to the load current pulse time exceeding the first threshold for a specified number of consecutive occasions.
19. A method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein selecting between control of the form of the output signal in accordance with the first voltage regulation scheme and the second voltage regulation scheme is further in response to a relationship between a pulse frequency modulation switching period of the load current signal and a second threshold.