Implantable devices including fixed tissues
Disclosed are implantable tissues including one or more enzyme inhibitors bound in the tissues, bioprostheses including the tissue, and methods for incorporating enzyme inhibitors in implantable tissues. Disclosed tissue can exhibit increased resistance to degradation, and specifically, degradation due to enzyme activity following implantation. Moreover, the disclosed methods can lead to increased levels of beneficial components bound in implantable tissues following a fixation/stabilization protocol. Increased levels of beneficial agents in an implantable tissue can further improve the implantable tissues and bioprostheses incorporating the tissues through improved mechanical characteristics and longer lifespan.
1. An implantable tissue comprising a non-endogenous sulfated oligosaccharide enzyme inhibitor covalently bonded to the tissue, the enzyme inhibitor sterically or chemically preventing an enzyme from degrading a component of the tissue, wherein the component is a glycosaminoglycan and the enzyme inhibitor is bound to the component.
2. The implantable tissue of claim 1 , wherein the enzyme inhibitor is a salt of neomycin.
3. The implantable tissue of claim 1 , wherein the glycosaminoglycan is covalently bound in the tissue.
4. The implantable tissue of claim 1 , the tissue further comprising crosslinked proteins.
5. The implantable tissue of claim 1 , wherein the tissue is derived from xenograft, allograft, or autologous tissue.
6. The implantable tissue of claim 1 , wherein the implantable tissue is a cardiovascular implant.
7. The implantable tissue of claim 1 , wherein the implantable tissue is pericardial tissue or blood vessel tissue.
8. The implantable tissue of claim 7 , wherein the implantable tissue is aortic tissue.
9. An implantable bioprosthetic comprising:
an implantable tissue comprising a non-endogenous sulfated oligosaccharide enzyme inhibitor covalently bonded to the tissue, the enzyme inhibitor sterically or chemically preventing an enzyme from degrading a component of the tissue, wherein the component is a glycosaminoglycan and the enzyme inhibitor is bound to the component; and
a support structure attached to the implantable tissue.
10. The implantable bioprosthetic of claim 9 , wherein the enzyme inhibitor is a salt of neomycin.
11. The implantable bioprosthetic of claim 9 , wherein the glycosaminoglycan is covalently bound in the tissue.
12. The implantable bioprosthetic of claim 9 , the tissue further comprising crosslinked proteins.
13. The implantable bioprosthetic of claim 9 , wherein the bioprosthetic is a bioprosthetic heart valve.
14. The implantable bioprosthetic of claim 9 , wherein the tissue is derived from xenograft, allograft, or autologous tissue.
15. An implantable tissue comprising a sulfate salt of neomycin covalently bonded to the tissue, the tissue comprising glycosaminoglycan, the sulfate salt of neomycin sterically or chemically preventing an enzyme from degrading the glycosaminoglycan of the tissue, wherein the neomycin or a salt of neomycin is bound to the glycosaminoglycan.
16. The implantable tissue of claim 15 , the tissue further comprising crosslinked proteins.