Reconditioning process for used hydrocarbon based stimulation fluid
A process treats a fluid stream of used fracturing fluid containing contaminants and forms a reconditioned fluid stream. Contaminants are removed by the combination of distillation, electrostatic agglomeration, decanting, and filtration. Optionally, the filtered fluid stream is treated in a clay tower to remove residual contaminants.
1. A process for treating a fluid stream of used fracturing fluid containing contaminants, including one or more of light hydrocarbons and water, for forming a reconditioned fluid stream, the process comprising:
distilling the fluid stream for removing the one or more of the light hydrocarbons and water so as to form a distilled fluid stream;
applying an electrostatic field to the distilled fluid stream for positively and negatively charging contaminants in the distilled fluid stream for forming a charged fluid stream;
retaining the charged fluid stream for agglomerating at least a portion of the charged contaminants for forming agglomerates therein; and
filtering the charged fluid stream for removing at least the agglomerates for forming a filtered fluid stream as the reconditioned fluid stream.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the distilling of the water of the fluid stream comprises heating the fluid stream and discharging the fluid stream into a vessel at a distillation pressure.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the distilling of the fluid stream further comprises heating the fluid stream and discharging the fluid stream through a nozzle into a vessel at a distillation pressure.
4. The process of claim 3 wherein the discharging of the fluid stream through the nozzle creates droplets of the fluid stream.
5. The process of claim 4 further comprising forming the droplets of sufficient size to fall by gravity for recovery as the distilled fluid stream.
6. The process of claim 3 further comprising:
heating the fluid stream to between about 70° C. to about 80° C.; and
discharging the fluid stream through a nozzle into the vessel at the distillation pressure of between about 5 psia to about 8 psia.
7. The process of claim 3 further comprising:
heating the fluid stream to about 120° C.; and
discharging the fluid stream through a nozzle into the vessel at the distillation pressure of about atmospheric.
8. The process of claim 3 further comprising heating the fluid stream using a heat recovered from the filtered fluid stream or the reconditioned fluid stream.
9. The process of claim 1 wherein applying an electro-static field to the distilled fluid stream further comprises:
separating the distilled fluid stream into a first portion and a second portion;
positively charging contaminants in the first portion of the distilled fluid stream;
negatively charging contaminants in the second portion of the distilled fluid stream; and
combining the first and second portions of the distilled fluid stream for forming the charged fluid stream.
10. The process of claim 1 wherein applying an electro-static field to the distilled fluid stream further comprises recirculating a batch of the fluid stream through the electro-static field for forming the charged fluid steam.
11. The process of claim 1 further comprising treating the filtered fluid stream through a clay tower for adsorbing residual contaminants contained therein for forming the reconditioned fluid stream.
12. The process of claim 11 wherein the residual contaminants comprise one or more of phosphorus, organometals and heavy hydrocarbons.
13. The process of claim 11 wherein the residual contaminants comprise volatile phosphorus.
14. The process of claim 11 further comprising periodically thermally reactivating the clay tower.
15. The process of claim 1 wherein, prior to distilling the fluid stream, further comprising storing the fluid stream and recovering a first decanted fluid stream for distilling.
16. The process of claim 1 wherein, after filtering the fluid stream, further comprising storing the filtered fluid stream and recovering the reconditioned fluid stream therefrom.
17. The process of claim 3 wherein the heating the fluids stream further comprises exchanging heat recovered from the reconditioned fluid stream.
18. The process of claim 1 wherein, when the used fracturing fluid is gelled, further comprising, prior to distilling the fluid stream, adding a breaker.