Phase change layer including indium and method of manufacturing the same and phase change memory device comprising phase change layer including indium and methods of manufacturing and operating the same
Provided are a phase change layer and a method of forming the phase change layer and a phase change memory device including the phase change layer, and methods of manufacturing and operating the phase change memory device. The phase change layer may be formed of a quaternary compound including an amount of indium (In) ranging from about 15 at. % to about 20 at. %. The phase change layer may be In a Ge b Sb c Te d , wherein an amount of germanium (Ge) ranges from about 10 at. %≦b≦about 15 at. %, an amount of antimony (Sb) ranges from about 20 at. %≦c≦about 25 at. %, and an amount of tellurium (Te) ranges from about 40 at. %≦d≦about 55 at. %.
1. A phase change layer comprising a quaternary compound including an amount a of indium (In) in a range of about 15 at. % about 20 at. %, wherein the quaternary compound is In a Ge b Sb c Te d (IGST), and wherein an amount b of germanium (Ge) is in a range of about 10 at. % about 15 at. %, an amount c of antimony (Sb) is in a range of about 20 at. % c about 25 at. %, and an amount d of tellurium (Te) is in a range of about 40 at. % d about 55 at. %.
2. A phase change memory device comprising:
a storage node including the phase change layer of claim 1 ; and
a switching element connected to the storage node.
3. A method of operating the phase change memory device of claim 2 comprising:
maintaining the switching element in an ON state; and
applying an operating voltage to the storage node.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the quaternary compound is In a Ge b Sb c Te d (IGST), and wherein an amount b of germanium (Ge) is in a range of about 10 at. %≦b≦about 15 at. %, an amount c of antimony (Sb) is in a range of about 20 at. %≦c≦about 25 at. %, and an amount d of tellurium (Te) is in a range of about 40 at. %≦d≦about 55 at. %.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the operating voltage is one of a write voltage, a read voltage, and an erase voltage.