Olefin copolymer dispersant VI improver and lubricant compositions and uses thereof
A lubricating oil composition and methods of operating an internal combustion engine to provide improved engine operation. The lubricating composition includes a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; and a minor amount of at least one highly grafted, multi-functional olefin copolymer made by reacting an acylating agent with an olefin copolymer having a number average molecular weight greater than about 10,000 up to about 50,000 in the presence of a free radical initiator to provide an acylated olefin copolymer having a degree of grafting (DOG) of the acylating agent on the olefin copolymer of from above about 1.5 to about 3.0 wt. %. The acylated olefin copolymer is then reacted with an amine to provide the highly grafted, multi-functional olefin copolymer.
1. A lubricating oil composition for lubricating an internal combustion engine comprising:
a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; and
a minor amount of at least one highly grafted, multi-functional olefin copolymer made by reacting an acylating agent with an olefin copolymer comprising a copolymer of ethylene and one or more C 3 -C 23 alpha olefins having a number average molecular weight greater than about 10,000 up to about 50,000 in the presence of a free radical initiator to provide an acylated olefin copolymer having a degree of grafting (DOG) of the acylating agent on the olefin copolymer of from above about 1.5 to about 3.0 wt. %, and reacting the acylated olefin copolymer with a mixture of aliphatic and aromatic amines to provide the highly grafted, multi-functional olefin copolymer, wherein the aromatic amine in the mixture of amines comprises from about 40 to about 75 percent by weight of the total weight of the mixture of amines and the aliphatic amine in the mixture comprises from about 25 to about 60 percent by weight of the total weight of the mixture of amines.
2. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the oil of lubricating viscosity has a saturates content of at least 75 wt. %.
3. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the oil of lubricating viscosity comprises a high viscosity index base stock having a viscosity index above about 120, the copolymer has a number average molecular weight ranging from about 15,000 to about 25,000.
4. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , further comprising a dispersant/inhibitor package comprising a dispersant, a metal-containing detergent, an antiwear agent, an antioxidant, and a friction modifier.
5. The lubricating oil composition of claim 4 , wherein the detergent is selected from the group consisting of neutral and overbased calcium sulfonate, neutral and overbased magnesium sulfonate, neutral and overbased calcium phenate, calcium salicylate, magnesium salicylate, and mixtures thereof.
6. The lubricating oil composition of claim 4 , wherein the dispersant comprises one or more polyalkenyl succinimide dispersants.
7. The lubricating oil composition of claim 4 , wherein the friction modifier is selected from the group consisting of non-metal containing organic friction modifiers, organometallic friction modifiers, and mixtures thereof.
8. The lubricating oil composition of claim 7 , wherein the organometallic friction modifier is selected from the group consisting of oil soluble organo-titanium, oil soluble organo-molybdenum compounds, and oil soluble organo-tungsten compounds.
9. The lubricating oil composition of claim 7 , wherein the non-metal containing friction modifier is selected from the group consisting of glycerol monooleate, and nitrogen containing friction modifiers.
10. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the acylated olefin copolymer has a degree of grafting (DOG) ranging from about 2.0 to about 2.5 wt. %.
11. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the olefin copolymer has a number average molecular weight ranging from about 20,000 to about 40,000.