Super-low fouling sulfobetaine and carboxybetaine materials and related methods
Super-low fouling sulfobetaine and carboxybetaine materials, super-low fouling surfaces and methods of making the surfaces coated with sulfobetaine and carboxybetaine materials, and devices having the super-low fouling surfaces.
1. A surface having a layer of carboxybetaine polymers coupled thereto, wherein the density of the carboxybetaine polymers in the layer provides a surface having a fibrinogen adsorption of less than about 30 ng/cm 2 in a fibrinogen binding assay when the surface is incubated at 37° C. for 90 minutes with a 1.0 mg/mL fibrinogen solution (0.15 M phosphate buffered saline at pH 7.4).
2. The surface of claim 1 , wherein the carboxybetaine polymers are prepared from one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of a carboxybetaine acrylate, a carboxybetaine acrylamide, a carboxybetaine methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.
3. The surface of claim 1 , wherein the layer of carboxybetaine polymers comprises an interpenetrating carboxybetaine polymer network.
4. The surface of claim 3 , wherein the interpenetrating carboxybetaine polymer network further comprises one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane, a silicone, a polyester, a polyethylene, and a polyamide.
5. The surface of claim 1 , wherein the layer of carboxybetaine polymers comprises a carboxybetaine copolymer.
6. The surface of claim 1 , wherein the layer comprises carboxybetaine polymers covalently attached to a substrate surface.
7. The surface of claim 1 on all or part of a medical device.
8. The surface of claim 7 , wherein the device is selected from the group consisting of an implantable device, a drug delivery device, a sensor, a bioprocessing device, a bioseparations device, an implant, and a tissue engineering scaffold.
9. The surface of claim 7 , wherein the device is a contact lens.
10. The surface of claim 1 on all or part of a particle.
11. The surface of claim 1 on all or part of a membrane.
12. The surface of claim 1 on all or part of a marine device.
13. The surface of claim 12 , wherein the marine device is a hull.
14. The surface of claim 1 , wherein the fibrinogen adsorption is less than 10 ng/cm 2 .
15. The surface of claim 1 , wherein the fibrinogen adsorption is less than 5 ng/cm 2 .
16. The surface of claim 1 , wherein the fibrinogen adsorption is less than 0.3 ng/cm 2 .
17. The surface of claim 1 , wherein the carboxybetaine polymers are prepared from one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of a carboxybetaine vinyl compound, a carboxybetaine epoxide, and mixtures thereof.
18. A substrate comprising a surface having a layer of carboxybetaine polymers grafted from the surface, wherein the density of the carboxybetaine polymers in the layer provides a surface having a fibrinogen adsorption of less than about 30 ng/cm 2 in a fibrinogen binding assay when the surface is incubated at 37° C. for 90 minutes with a 1.0 mg/mL fibrinogen solution (0.15 M phosphate buffered saline at pH 7.4).
19. The substrate of claim 18 , wherein the carboxybetaine polymers are prepared from one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of a carboxybetaine acrylate, a carboxybetaine acrylamide, a carboxybetaine methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.
20. The substrate of claim 18 , wherein the layer of carboxybetaine polymers comprises a carboxybetaine copolymer.
21. The substrate of claim 18 , wherein the fibrinogen adsorption is less than 10 ng/cm 2 .
22. The substrate of claim 18 , wherein the fibrinogen adsorption is less than 5 ng/cm 2 .
23. The substrate of claim 18 , wherein the fibrinogen adsorption is less than 0.3 ng/cm 2 .
24. The substrate of claim 18 on or forming all or part of a particle.
25. The substrate of claim 18 on or forming all or part of a drug delivery system.
26. The substrate of claim 18 on or forming all or part of a biosensor.
27. The substrate of claim 18 on or forming all or part of a bioprocesses or bioseparations membrane.
28. The substrate of claim 18 on or forming all or part of an implantable or subcutaneous sensor.
29. The substrate of claim 18 on or forming all or part of an implant.
30. The substrate of claim 18 on or forming all or part of a contact lens.
31. The substrate of claim 18 on or forming all or part of a tissue scaffold.
32. The substrate of claim 18 on or forming all or part of a medical device or an implantable medical device.
33. The substrate of claim 18 on or forming all or part of a marine device.
34. The substrate of claim 18 , wherein the carboxybetaine polymers are prepared from one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of a carboxybetaine vinyl compound, a carboxybetaine epoxide, and mixtures thereof.