Metal bead seal for fuel cell plate
A bead seal structure is disclosed for sealing between plates of a fuel cell system, wherein the bead seal structure militates against a leakage of fluids from the fuel cell system and a cost thereof is minimized.
1. A bead seal comprising:
an out-of-plane elongate protuberance formed on a planar metal sheet, the protuberance including a first lateral side and a spaced apart second lateral side with a substantially arcuate upper sealing surface disposed between the first lateral side and the second lateral side, wherein at least a first radius transitions from the planar metal sheet to the first lateral side and a second radius transitions from the first lateral side to the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, at least one radius and a crown width define the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, and at least a first radius transitions from the planar metal sheet to the second lateral side and a second radius transitions from the second lateral side to the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, wherein the at least one radius of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface curves outward in a first direction away from a plane of the planar metal sheet and at least one of the second radii curves outward in the first direction away from the plane of the planar metal sheet and towards the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, and wherein the at least one radius of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface is greater than the second radii, and wherein a range of the radii of the first lateral side and the second lateral side is between about 0.1 millimeters to 0.5 millimeters, a range of the at least one radius of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface is between about 2.0 millimeters to 100 millimeters, and a range of the crown width of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface is between about 0.5 millimeters to 5.0 millimeters.
2. The bead seal according to claim 1 wherein the bead seal is symmetrical about a longitudinal axis thereof.
3. The bead seal according to claim 1 wherein the first lateral side and second lateral side include at least one flat portion formed therein.
4. The bead seal according to claim 1 wherein the first lateral side and second lateral side include a plurality of radii connected to form serpentine sides.
5. A plate for a fuel cell comprising:
a planar plate with a first surface, a second surface, and an outer peripheral edge;
a flow field formed on the first surface of the planar plate, the flow field including an inlet feed region having a plurality of apertures formed therein and an outlet region having a plurality of apertures formed therein; and
an out-of-plane bead seal formed on the planar plate, the out-of-plane bead seal being an elongate protuberance including a first lateral side and a spaced apart second lateral side with a substantially arcuate upper sealing surface disposed between the first lateral side and the second lateral side, wherein at least a first radius transitions from the planar plate to the first lateral side and a second radius transitions from the first lateral side to the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, at least one radius and a crown width define the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, and at least a first radius transitions from the planar plate to the second lateral side and a second radius transitions from the second lateral side to the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, wherein the at least one radius of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface curves outward in a first direction away from a plane of the planar plate and at least one of the second radii curves outward in the first direction away from the plane of the planar plate and towards the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, and wherein the at least one radius of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface is greater than the second radii, and wherein a range of the radii of the first lateral side and the second lateral side is between about 0.1 millimeters to 0.5 millimeters, a range of the at least one radius of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface is between about 2.0 millimeters to 100 millimeters, and a range of the crown width of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface is between about 0.5 millimeters to 5.0 millimeters.
6. The plate according to claim 5 wherein the out-of-plane bead seal includes at least one flat portion formed in the first lateral side and at least one flat portion formed in the second lateral side.
7. The plate according to claim 5 wherein the out-of-plane bead seal includes a plurality of radii connected to form a serpentine first lateral side and a serpentine second lateral side.
8. A fuel cell stack comprising:
at least one end plate having a peripheral edge, a flow field, an inlet feed region adjacent the flow field, and an outlet region adjacent the flow field and spaced from the inlet feed region;
at least one planar bipolar plate disposed adjacent the end plate, wherein each planar bipolar plate includes a flow field formed on at least one of a first surface and a second surface, the flow field including an inlet feed region having a plurality of apertures formed therein and an outlet region having a plurality of apertures formed therein; and
an out-of-plane bead seal formed around at least one of an outer peripheral edge of the at least one planar bipolar plate and the apertures formed therein, the out-of-plane bead seal being an elongate protuberance including a first lateral side and a spaced apart second lateral side with a substantially arcuate upper sealing surface disposed between the first lateral side and the second lateral side, wherein at least a first radius transitions from the at least one planar bipolar plate to the first lateral side and a second radius transitions from the first lateral side to the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, at least one radius and a crown width define the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, and at least a first radius transitions from the at least one planar bipolar plate to the second lateral side and a second radius transitions from the second lateral side to the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, wherein the at least one radius of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface curves outward in a first direction away from a plane of the at least one planar bipolar plate and at least one of the second radii curves outward in the first direction away from the plane of the at least one planar bipolar plate and towards the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface, and wherein the at least one radius of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface is greater than the second radii, and wherein a range of the radii of the first lateral side and the second lateral side is between about 0.1 millimeters to 0.5 millimeters, a range of the at least one radius of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface is between about 2.0 millimeters to 100 millimeters, and a range of the crown width of the substantially arcuate upper sealing surface is between about 0.5 millimeters to 5.0 millimeters.
9. The fuel cell stack according to claim 8 further comprising a membrane disposed between each plate, the membrane including a sealant material disposed thereon adapted to cooperate with the out-of-plane bead seal to facilitate forming a substantially media tight seal therebetween.
10. The fuel cell stack according to claim 9 wherein the sealant material is applied to the membrane using a printing means.
11. The fuel cell stack according to claim 9 wherein the sealant material includes an elastomeric material.
12. The fuel cell stack according to claim 8 wherein the out-of-plane bead seal includes at least one flat portion formed in the first lateral side and at least one flat portion formed in the second lateral side.
13. The fuel cell stack according to claim 8 wherein the out-of-plane bead seal includes a plurality of radii connected to form a serpentine first lateral side and a serpentine second lateral side.