Analogs of salinosporamide A
Disclosed herein are analogs of Salinosporamide A, having the Formula I as follows: Like Salinosporamide A, the compounds of the present invention will inhibit the proteasome, an intracellular enzyme complex that destroys proteins the cell no longer needs. Without the proteasome, proteins would build up and clog cellular machinery. Fast-growing cancer cells make especially heavy use of the proteasome, so thwarting its action is a compelling drug strategy.
1. Nucleophilic substituted analogs of Salinosporamide A, having the Formula Ia:
wherein:
R 1 is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, and tert-butyl, each optionally substituted by halogen
R 2 is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, benzyl and substituted benzyl; wherein the substituent groups are independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, amido, halogen and aryl; and
Nu is a Nucleophile selected from the group consisting of:
carb-sulfides having the formula RS— wherein R can be substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, benzyl and substituted benzyl; wherein the substituent groups are independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, amido, halogen and aryl;
cyanide having the formula CN—;
azide having the formula N 3 —;
carboxylates having the formula RCO 2 —, wherein R can be substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, benzyl and substituted benzyl; wherein the substituent groups are independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, amido, halogen and aryl;
substituted C 1 -C 8 alkyl; substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkenyl; substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkynyl; substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl; benzyl and substituted benzyl; wherein the substituent groups for each are independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, amido, halogen and aryl; and
NH 3 , hydrazine, water, polyamines, polyols, amino alcohols, amino thiols, dithiols, thioacetamides, acetamidine, carbon monoxide, carbonate having the formula CO 3 , acetate having the formula CH 3 CO; and dithiocarbamates.
2. Analogs of Salinosporamide A, having the Formula IIa:
wherein:
R 1 is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, and tert-butyl, each optionally substituted by halogen;
R 2 is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, benzyl and substituted benzyl; wherein the substituent groups are independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 C- 4 alkoxy, amido, halogen and aryl; and
Nu is R 3 , which is selected from the group consisting of substituted C 1 -C 8 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, benzyl and substituted benzyl; wherein the substituent groups are independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, amido, halogen and aryl.
3. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
4. A method of inhibiting proteasome function in a mammalian cell comprising administering to a mammal an effective proteasome inhibiting amount of the composition of claim 3 .
5. The method of claim 4 , where the mammalian cell is a human cell.
6. A method of inhibiting inflammation in mammals comprising administering to a mammal an effective anti-inflammatory amount of the composition of claim 3 .
7. The method of claim 6 , where the mammal is a human.
8. A method of treating ischemic or reperfusion injury in mammals comprising administering to a mammal an effective amount of the composition of claim 3 .
9. The method of claim 8 , where the mammal is a human.
10. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 2 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
11. A method of inhibiting proteasome function in a mammalian cell comprising administering to a mammal an effective proteasome inhibiting amount of the composition of claim 10 .
12. The method of claim 11 , where the mammalian cell is a human cell.
13. A method of inhibiting inflammation in mammals comprising administering to a mammal an effective anti-inflammatory amount of the composition of claim 10 .
14. The method of claim 13 , where the mammal is a human.
15. A method of treating ischemic or reperfusion injury in mammals comprising administering to a mammal an effective amount of the composition of claim 10 .
16. The method of claim 15 , where the mammal is a human.