Metal composite panel and method of manufacture
The invention relates to a metal composite panel intended for construction, including at least two substantially parallel sheets ( 21 ) and ( 22 ) with at least three profiles ( 3 ) substantially parallel to each other arranged between and fastened to the sheets. The three profiles serve as separators, making it possible to separate the sheets and are arranged so that the average distance between two adjacent profiles is not necessarily uniform but suited to the local conditions of use of said panel. In order to obtain a panel having an optimal compromise between weight and performance, light alloys and, in particular, aluminum are advantageous. The composite panels are particularly useful as a floor of a rolling vehicle, as the floor, deck or ramp of a floating vehicle or as the floor of a flying vehicle.
1. A metal composite panel comprising at least two substantially parallel sheets and at least 3 separate profiles, having a length direction, fastened to said sheets, wherein said profiles are substantially parallel along said length direction, and wherein said profiles separate said sheets and are arranged so that the average distances between adjacent profiles are not necessarily equal but are suited to the local conditions of use of said panel,
wherein said profiles have cross-sections perpendicular to said length direction, comprising transverse portions to space apart said sheets and at least two lateral portions to come into contact with said sheets,
wherein the transverse portions comprise at least two transverse segments, and the lateral portions include an upper lateral portion comprising at least two lateral segments, and a lower lateral portion comprising at least one lateral segment connecting the at least two transverse segments, and
wherein the lateral portions of each profile are spaced from the lateral portions of each of the other profiles.
2. The composite panel of claim 1 wherein the sheets are spaced apart by a distance h and the profiles are spaced apart by distances d, and the ratios between h and d are between about 0.2 and about 1.5.
3. The composite panel of claim 2 wherein the ratios between h and each d are between about 0.4 and about 1.0.
4. The composite panel of claim 1 wherein said panel has an upper sheet and a lower sheet, wherein said upper sheet is stronger because it has superior mechanical properties and/or a greater thickness than the lower sheet.
5. The composite panel of claim 4 wherein the sheets have an inner surface and an outer surface with the profiles fastened to the inner surfaces of the sheets, further comprising a non-skid treatment selected from the group consisting of sanding, engraving, embossing and blends thereof on the outer surface of the upper sheet.
6. The composite panel of claim 4 in which the lower sheet has a clad outer surface.
7. The composite panel of claim 4 , wherein the thickness of the upper sheet is between about 2 and about 4 mm and the thickness of the lower sheet is between about 1 and about 3 mm.
8. The composite panel of claim 1 wherein said profiles are extruded.
9. The composite panel of claim 8 wherein the ends of the lateral portions of the profiles in contact with the sheets are rounded.
10. The composite panel of claim 9 wherein at least one transverse portion of a profile is inclined by 5° to 70° in relation to the direction perpendicular to the plane defined by the sheets.
11. The composite panel of claim 8 wherein the thickness of said profiles is greater in the transverse portion than in the lateral portions.
12. The composite panel of claim 1 comprising at least a first sheet and a second sheet wherein said lower lateral portion comprises at least two lateral segments, which are in contact with the first sheet, attached to at least one of the transverse segments and located on both sides of said at least one transverse segment, and said at least two lateral segments of said upper lateral portion are in contact with the second sheet, attached to said at least one transverse segment and located on both sides of said at least one transverse segment.
13. The composite panel of claim 12 , wherein the sheets and the profiles are fastened by adhesive bonding under pressure without curing, the temperature of the panel not exceeding about 100° C. during or after the adhesive bonding step.
14. The composite panel of claim 13 in which the adhesive used is the bicomponent epoxy type.
15. The composite panel of claim 1 wherein said transverse portions comprise two transverse segments, and the upper lateral portion comprises two pairs of lateral segments, each of the transverse segments having one pair of lateral segments being attached thereto and located on both sides thereof, and the lower lateral portion comprises three lateral segments, one lateral segment of which connects the two transverse segments.
16. The composite panel of claim 1 wherein the sheets and profiles are made of an aluminum alloy.
17. The composite panel of claim 16 wherein the profiles are made of an aluminum alloy of the 5XXX series in an H temper or an aluminum alloy of the 6XXX series in the T6 temper.
18. The composite panel of claim 1 wherein the sheets are made of an aluminum alloy of the 5XXX series.
19. The composite panel of claim 18 wherein the sheets are made of a 5052, 5083, 5086 or 5383 aluminum alloy.
20. The composite panel of claim 1 , wherein the sheets and the profiles are fastened by friction stir welding.
21. The composite panel of claim 1 , wherein the profiles have identical structures and the average distances between adjacent profiles are not equal.
22. A metal composite panel comprising at least two substantially parallel sheets and at least 3 profiles, having a length direction, separate from one another and fastened to said sheets, wherein said profiles are substantially parallel along said length direction, and wherein said profiles separate said sheets and are arranged so that the average distances between adjacent profiles are not necessarily equal but are suited to the local conditions of use of said panel,
wherein said profiles have cross-sections perpendicular to said length direction comprising transverse portions to space apart said sheets and at least two lateral portions to come into direct contact with said sheets, and
wherein the transverse portions comprise at least two transverse segments, and the lateral portions include an upper lateral portion comprising at least two lateral segments, and a lower lateral portion comprising at least one lateral segment connecting the at least two transverse segments.