Hemostatic compositions and methods of use
Hemostatic compositions comprising a wet layered clay (e.g., wet kaolin) and, optionally, a zeolite, as well as devices and methods of use to promote blood clotting, are provided.
1. A device comprising:
(a) a sterile container containing a hemostatic composition;
(b) a substrate adapted for delivery of the hemostatic composition to a bleeding wound; and
(c) the hemostatic composition disposed on at least one surface of the substrate, the hemostatic composition comprising a hemostatically effective amount of a clay selected from the group consisting of a kaolin, a palygorskite and a sepiolite, wherein the clay is not vitrified, and wherein the hemostatic composition is hydrated from 0.5 wt. % to 30 wt. % and does not include a zeolite.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the clay is kaolin.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a bandage or a medical sponge.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the hemostatic composition further comprises a clotting factor polypeptide or a thrombin polypeptide.
5. A hemostatic composition comprising:
a hemostatically effective amount of an isolated clay selected from the group consisting of a kaolin, a smectite, a palygorskite and a sepiolite; and
an isolated zeolite;
wherein the hemostatic composition is disposed on at least one surface of a device adapted for delivery of the hemostatic composition to a bleeding wound, and the clay and the zeolite are present in a 3:1 ratio (w/w) and provide for hemostatic activity of the hemostatic composition, and
wherein the clay is not vitrified.
6. The hemostatic composition of claim 5 , wherein the clay is kaolin.
7. The hemostatic composition of claim 5 , wherein the clay is a smectite.
8. The hemostatic composition of claim 7 , wherein the smectite is a montmorillonite.
9. The hemostatic composition of claim 5 , wherein the zeolite is at least partially dehydrated.
10. The hemostatic composition of claim 9 , wherein the zeolite has a moisture content of from 1 wt. % to 10 wt. % water.
11. The hemostatic composition of claim 9 , wherein the zeolite has a moisture content of 1 wt. % to 4 wt. % water.
12. The hemostatic composition of claim 5 , wherein the zeolite is disposed in a binder.
13. The hemostatic composition of claim 5 , wherein the device is a bandage or a medical sponge.
14. A method of forming a hemostatic composition, said method comprising:
combining a zeolite with a hemostatically effective amount of a clay selected from the group consisting of a kaolin, a smectite, a palygorskite and a sepiolite, wherein said combining forms a hemostatic composition with a 3:1 ratio (w/w) of the clay to the zeolite; and
providing the hemostatic composition on at least one surface of a device adapted for delivery of the hemostatic composition to a bleeding wound,
wherein the clay is not vitrified.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the zeolite is at least partially dehydrated prior to said combining.
16. A method of clotting blood flowing from a wound, comprising:
applying the hemostatic composition of claim 1 or 5 to a bleeding wound of a subject; and
maintaining the hemostatic composition in contact with the wound for a period of time sufficient to at least initiate blood clotting.
17. The hemostatic composition of claim 1 , wherein the hemostatic composition is a powder.
18. The hemostatic composition of claim 5 , wherein the hemostatic composition is a powder.
19. The hemostatic composition of claim 1 , wherein the clay has an average particle size of 50 μm or less.
20. The hemostatic composition of claim 5 , wherein clay has an average particle size of 50 μm or less.