Pure air blast fuel injector
View Patent ↗A fuel injector for a gas turbine includes an outer air path having a converging exit portion, and a fuel path inboard of the outer air path. An inner air path inboard of the fuel path includes an outer wall having a converging exit region and surrounds an axial core duct defining an axial air path having a diverging exit region. The inner air path creates a pressure drop near a fuel injection opening to promote mixing and atomization of fuel over a range of power levels, including low power operation.
1. An air blast fuel injector comprising:
a) an outer air path having a converging exit portion;
b) a fuel path inboard of the outer air path; and
c) an inner air path inboard of the fuel path, the inner air path including an outer wall having a converging exit region and surrounding an axial core duct defining an axial air path having a diverging exit region.
2. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 1 , wherein the diverging exit region of the axial core duct is generally coextensive with the converging exit portion of the inner air path.
3. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 1 , wherein the diverging exit region of the axial core duct terminates upstream from a terminal end of the converging exit portion of the inner air path.
4. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 2 , further comprising an axial air swirler disposed between the outer wall of the inner air path and the axial core duct.
5. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 4 , wherein the axial air swirler includes vanes configured to impart a flow angle of between about 0° to about 60° relative to a central axis defined by the axial swirler.
6. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 4 , wherein the axial air swirler is dimensioned to route between about 50% and about 95% of inner air path mass flow through the axial air swirler with the balance of the mass flow routed through the axial core duct.
7. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 4 , wherein the fuel path includes an upstream fuel swirler and a downstream prefilming surface.
8. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a core swirler adjacent an upstream end of the axial core duct.
9. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 8 , wherein the core swirler is an axial air swirler.
10. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 8 , wherein the core swirler is a radial air swirler.
11. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 8 , wherein the core swirler includes a central bore defining a flow path along a central axis of the core swirler.
12. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 1 , wherein the outer air path includes an air swirler.
13. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 1 , wherein the outer air path includes a dual air swirler.
14. An air blast fuel injector as recited in claim 1 , wherein at least one off-center radial aperture is defined in the axial core duct adjacent the diverging exit region thereof.
15. An air blast fuel injector for a gas turbine engine comprising:
a) an outer air path including an outer air swirler and having a converging exit portion;
b) a fuel path inboard of the outer air path including a fuel swirler and having a converging prefilming surface inboard of the converging exit portion of the outer air path;
c) an inner air path inboard of the fuel path including an axial swirler; and
d) an axial core duct inboard of the inner air path and defining an axial air path having a diverging exit region.
16. An air blast fuel injector for a gas turbine engine as recited in claim 15 , further comprising a core swirler disposed proximate an upstream end of the axial core duct.
17. An air blast fuel injector for a gas turbine engine as recited in claim 16 , wherein the core swirler includes a central bore defining a flow path along a central axis of the core swirler.
18. An air blast fuel injector for a gas turbine engine as recited in claim 15 , wherein the axial swirler is dimensioned to route between about 50% and about 95% of inner air path mass flow through the axial swirler with the balance of the mass flow routed through the axial core duct.
19. An air blast fuel injector for a gas turbine engine comprising:
a) an outer air path having a converging exit portion;
b) a fuel path inboard of the outer air path, the fuel path including a prefilming surface inboard of the converging exit portion of the outer air path;
c) an inner air path inboard of the fuel path, the inner air path including an inner axial swirler defined between an outer wall having a converging exit region and an axial core duct defining an axial air path with a diverging exit region; and
d) an axial core duct swirler disposed in an upstream portion of the axial core duct.
20. An air blast fuel injector for a gas turbine engine as recited in claim 19 , wherein the axial core duct swirler includes an axial bore defining a flow path along a central axis defined by the inner air path.