Method of patterning a thin film

1. A method of patterning a thin film layer, comprising:

depositing an intermediate, irradiation sensitive, layer on a substrate;

depositing the thin film layer on the intermediate layer;

before or after deposition of the thin film layer;

exposing the intermediate layer to patterned radiation in order to initiate a chemical reaction therein:

removing, by soaking in a developer in a single developmental step, patterned radiation-defined parts of the intermediate layer along with corresponding thin film, to leave patterned thin film and patterned intermediate layer on the substrate; and

in which the substrate comprises a polyethyleneterpthalate (PET) film, the intermediate layer comprises epoxidized bisphenol-A/formaldehyde novolac co-polymer (SU8); and the thin film comprises poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulphonate) (PEDOT:PSS).

2. The method of claim 1 , in which the intermediate layer comprises a negative resist material; and the step of removing comprises removing unexposed parts.

3. The method of claim 1 , in which the intermediate layer comprises a positive resist; and the step of removing comprises removing exposed parts.

4. The method of claim 1 , in which the radiation is selected from the group consisting of optical wavelengths, ultra-violet wavelengths, wavelengths between 300 and 400 nm, X-ray wavelengths, and an electron beam.

5. The method of claim 1 , in which the radiation is patterned by use of a photomask.

6. The method of claim 5 , in which the substrate comprises a pre-patterned layer, and the photomask comprises the pre-patterned layer.

7. The method of claim 6 , in which the pre-patterned layer is contiguous with the intermediate layer.

8. The method of claim 7 in which the patterned thin film, patterned intermediate layer and substrate comprise a final device, and in which the pre-patterned layer forms an active part of the final device.

9. The method of claim 6 , in which the pre-patterned layer is formed on an opposite side of the substrate to that on which the intermediate layer is deposited.

10. The method of claim 1 , in which the radiation is patterned by scanning a radiation beam.

11. The method of claim 1 , in which the patterned radiation comprises an interference or diffraction pattern.

12. The method of claim 1 , in which the radiation is patterned using a device selected from the group consisting of a spatial light modulator, micro-minor device; and by selectively addressing a microarray of emission sources.

13. The method of claim 1 in which the intermediate layer is irradiated from whichever one of the substrate, or thin film side if deposited, is most transparent to the radiation.

14. The method of claim 1 in which the chemical reaction is at least one of cross-linking, polymerization, chain scission, and oxidation.

15. The method of claim 1 in which the thin film is selected from the group consisting of a conductor, semiconductor, and insulator.

16. The method of claim 1 in which the thin film is selected from the group consisting of a polymer, a light-emitting polymer, a dendrimer, a light-emitting dendrimer, an organic small molecule, a light emitting organic small molecule, a metal, an inorganic semiconductor, and an inorganic dielectric.

17. The method of claim 1 in which the thin film is selected from the group consisting of a single material type, a blend of two or more materials types, and a combination of sequentially deposited layers of two or more materials.

18. The method of claim 1 in which the substrate is selected from the group consisting of a glass, metal, plastic, paper, conductor, semiconductor, and insulator; which is rigid, flexible, transparent or opaque.

19. The method of claim 1 in which the step of removing patterns the intermediate and layer thin film simultaneously.

20. A thin film structure comprising a substrate; and an intermediate layer and a thin film patterned according to the method of claim 1 .

21. The thin film structure of claim 20 , in which the patterned thin film, patterned intermediate layer and substrate comprise a final device, and in which the intermediate layer forms an active part of the final device.

22. A thin film structure comprising a substrate, a thin film to be patterned according to the method of claim 1 ; and a radiation sensitive intermediate layer.

23. A thin film structure comprising a substrate with multiple elements of different materials patterned sequentially according to the method of claim 1 .