Substituted azetidinone compounds, processes for preparing the same, formulations and uses thereof

1. A compound represented by the structural formula (I):

or pharmaceutically acceptable stereoisomers, salts, solvates or esters of the compound of Formula (I),

wherein in Formula (I) above:

X, Y and Z can be the same or different and each is independently selected from the group consisting of —CH 2 —, —CH(alkyl)- and —C(alkyl) 2 -;

Q 1 and Q 2 can be the same or different and each is independently selected from the group consisting of H, -G, —(C 1 -C 30 alkylene)-G, —OR 6 , —OC(O)R 6 , —OC(O)OR 9 , —OC(O)NR 6 R 7 and -L-M;

Q 3 is 1 to 5 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, -G, —(C 1 -C 30 alkylene)-G, —OR 6 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OR 6 , —C(O)R 6 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)R 6 , —C(O)OR 6 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)OR 6 , —OC(O)R 6 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OC(O)R 6 , —OC(O)OR 9 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OC(O)OR 9 , —CH═CH—C(O)R 6 , —CH═CH—C(O)OR 6 , —C≡C—C(O)OR 6 , —C≡C—C(O)R 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OR 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)R 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)OR 6 , —CN, —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —O—C(O)NR 6 NR 7 C(O)OR 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 NR 7 C(O)OR 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)(aryl)-N 3 , —OC(O)—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)OR 6 , —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —OC(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OC(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NO 2 , —NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-NR 6 R 7 , —O—(C 2 -C 10 alkylene)-NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 C(O)R 7 , —NR 6 C(O)OR 9 , —NR 6 C(O)NR 7 R 8 , —NR 6 S(O) 0-2 R 9 , —N(S(O) 0-2 R 9 ) 2 , —CHNOR 6 , —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —C(O)NR 6 NR 6 R 7 , —S(O) 0-2 NR 6 R 7 , —S(O) 0-2 R 9 , —O—C(O)—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —OC(O)—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-NR 6 C(O)O-(alkylaryl), —P(O)(OR 10 ) 2 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OSi(alkyl) 3 , —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , halo, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxyalkoxy, alkoxycarbonylalkoxy, alkoxyarylalkoxy, alkoxyiminoalkyl, alkyldioyl, allyloxy, aryl, arylalkyl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, aroyl, aroyloxy, aroylaroyloxy, arylalkoxycarbonyl, benzoylbenzoyloxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkoxy, dioxolanyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, heterocyclylcarbonylalkoxy and -L-M;

Q 4 is 1 to 5 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, -G, —(C 1 -C 30 alkylene)-G, —OR 6 , —(C 1 - 10 alkylene)-OR 6 , —C(O)R 6 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)R 6 , —C(O)OR 6 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)OR 6 , —OC(O)R 6 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OC(O)R 6 , —OC(O)OR 9 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OC(O)OR 9 , —CH═CH—C(O)R 6 , —CH═CH—C(O)OR 6 , —C≡C—C(O)OR 6 , —C≡C—C(O)R 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OR 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)R 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)OR 6 , —CN, —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —O—C(O)NR 6 NR 7 C(O)OR 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 NR 7 C(O)OR 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)(aryl)-N 3 , —OC(O)—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)OR 6 , —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —OC(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OC(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NO 2 , —NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-NR 6 R 7 , —O—(C 2 -C 10 alkylene)-NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 C(O)R 7 , —NR 6 C(O)OR 9 , —NR 6 C(O)NR 7 R 8 , —NR 6 S(O) 0-2 R 9 , —N(S(O) 0-2 R 9 ) 2 , —CHNOR 6 , —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —C(O)NR 6 NR 6 R 7 , —S(O) 0-2 NR 6 R 7 , —S(O) 0-2 R 9 , —O—C(O)—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —OC(O)—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-NR 6 C(O)O-(alkylaryl), —P(O)(OR 10 ) 2 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OSi(alkyl) 3 , —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , halo, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxyalkoxy, alkoxycarbonylalkoxy, alkoxyarylalkoxy, alkoxyiminoalkyl, alkyldioyl, allyloxy, aryl, arylalkyl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, aroyl, aroyloxy, aroylaroyloxy, arylalkoxycarbonyl, benzoylbenzoyloxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkoxy, dioxolanyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, heterocyclylcarbonylalkoxy and -L-M;

Q 5 is 1 to 5 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, -G, —(C 1 -C 30 alkylene)-G, —OR 6 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OR 6 , —C(O)R 6 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)R 6 , —C(O)OR 6 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)OR 6 , —OC(O)R 6 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OC(O)R 6 , —OC(O)OR 9 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OC(O)OR 9 , —CH═CH—C(O)R 6 , —CH═CH—C(O)OR 6 , —C≡C—C(O)R 6 , —C≡C—C(O)R 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OR 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)R 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)OR 6 , —CN, —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —O—C(O)NR 6 NR 7 C(O)OR 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 NR 7 C(O)OR 6 , —O—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)(aryl)-N 3 , —OC(O)—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)OR 6 , —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —OC(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OC(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NO 2 , —NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-NR 6 R 7 , —O—(C 2 -C 10 alkylene)-NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 C(O)R 7 , —NR 6 C(O)OR 9 , —NR 6 C(O)NR 7 R 8 , —NR 6 S(O) 0-2 R 9 , —N(S(O) 0-2 R 9 ) 2 , —CHNOR 6 , —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —C(O)NR 6 NR 6 R 7 , —S(O) 0-2 NR 6 R 7 , —S(O) 0-2 R 9 , —O—C(O)—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —OC(O)—(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-NR 6 C(O)O-(alkylaryl), —P(O)(OR 10 ) 2 , —(C 1 -C 10 alkylene)-OSi(alkyl) 3 , —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , halo, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxyalkoxy, alkoxycarbonylalkoxy, alkoxyarylalkoxy, alkoxyiminoalkyl, alkyldioyl, allyloxy, aryl, arylalkyl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, aroyl, aroyloxy, aroylaroyloxy, arylalkoxycarbonyl, benzoylbenzoyloxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkoxy, dioxolanyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, heterocyclylcarbonylalkoxy and L-M;

wherein optionally one or more carbon atoms of the —(C 1 -C 30 alkylene) -radical of Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4 and Q 5 is independently replaced by —O—, —C(O)—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —N(alkyl)-, —N(alkylaryl)- or —NH—;

G is an oligopeptide residue comprising 2 to 9 amino acids, wherein optionally the oligopeptide residue of G is substituted with -L-M;

L is selected from the group consisting of

wherein Me is methyl;

M is selected from the group consisting of

R 2 and R 3 can be the same or different and each is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aryl;

R 6 , R 7 and R 8 can be the same or different and each is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aryl and arylalkyl; and

each R 9 is independently alkyl, aryl or arylalkyl,

each R 10 is independently H or alkyl;

q is 0 or 1;

r is 0 or 1;

m, n and p are independently selected from 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; provided that at least one of q and r is 1, and the sum of m, n, p, q and r is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6; and provided that when p is 0 and r is 1, the sum of m, q and n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;

x1 is 1 to 10;

x2 is 1 to 10;

x3 is 1 to 10;

x4 is 1 to 10;

x5 is 1 to 10;

x6 is 1 to 10; and

x7 is 1 to 10;

with the proviso that at least one of Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4 and Q 5 is an oligopeptide residue of G substituted with -L-M, and

wherein each of the above alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylene, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxyalkoxy, alkoxycarbonylalkoxy, alkoxyarylalkoxy, alkoxyiminoalkyl, alkyldioyl, allyloxy, aryl, arylalkyl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, aroyl, aroyloxy, aroylaroyloxy, arylalkoxycarbonyl, benzoylbenzoyloxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkoxy, dioxolanyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, or heterocyclylcarbonylalkoxy groups, when present, is independently substituted or unsubstituted.

2. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein m, n and r are each zero, q is 1, p is 2, and Z is —CH 2 —.

3. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein m, n and r are each zero, q is 1, p is 2, and Z is —CH 2 —, Q 1 is —OR 6 , wherein R 6 is hydrogen and Q 5 is fluorine.

4. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R 2 and R 3 are each hydrogen.

5. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Q 1 and Q 2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of —OR 6 , —O(CO)R 6 , —O(CO)OR 9 and —O(CO)NR 6 R 7 .

6. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Q 4 is halo or —OR 6 .

7. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Q 1 is —OR 6 wherein R 6 is H.

8. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4 or Q 5 is -L-M.

9. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4 or Q 5 is -G or —(C 1 -C 30 alkylene)-G.

10. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein optionally one or more carbon atoms of the —(C 1 -C 30 alkylene)- radical of Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4 and Q 5 is independently replaced by —O—.

11. The compound according to claim or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L is

12. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein M is

13. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein M is

14. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein M is

15. The compound according to claim or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein M is

16. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein M is

17. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, or sitosterolemia, or lowering a concentration of cholesterol, phytosterol or 5α-stanol in plasma of a subject comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

18. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a cholesterol-lowering effective amount of a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

19. A method of treating atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, or sitosterolemia, or lowering a concentration of cholesterol, phytosterol or 5α-stanol in plasma of a subject comprising the step of administering to a subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

20. A method of lowering cholesterol level in plasma of a mammal in need of such treatment comprising administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of the compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.