Water-in-oil emulsions with hydrogel droplets background
Methods and compositions are provided that include a water-in-oil composition comprising an oil-based continuous phase and a discontinuous phase that comprises at least a plurality of hydrogel droplets and a method comprising providing a water-in-oil emulsion comprising an oil-based continuous phase and a discontinuous phase that comprises at least a plurality of hydrogel droplets; and placing the water-in-oil emulsion in a well bore penetrating a subterranean formation. Additional methods are also provided.
1. A water-in-oil emulsion composition comprising an oil-based continuous phase and a discontinuous phase that comprises at least a plurality of discrete hydrogel droplets.
2. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein the oil-based continuous phase comprises at least one oil-based fluid selected from the group consisting of: an ester based fluid, mineral oil, an internal olefin, an alpha olefin, diesel oil, crude oil, paraffin oil, a low toxicity mineral oil, an olefin, an ester, an amide, an amine, a synthetic oil such as a polyolefin, a polydiorganosiloxane, a siloxane, an organosiloxane, an ether, an acetal, a dialkylcarbonate, a hydrocarbon, and any derivative thereof.
3. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein the discontinuous phase comprises at least one nonoleaginous fluid selected from the group consisting of an aqueous-based fluid, glycerin, a glycol, a polyglycol amine, a polyol, and any derivative thereof.
4. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein the hydrogel droplets comprise at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of: polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate-co-adipate, polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, polyhydroxybutyratecovalerate, polycaprolactone, a polyester amide, a starch-based polymer, a polyethylene terephthalate-based polymer, sulfonated polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, an aliphatic aromatic copolyester, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, a polysaccharide, chitin, chitosan, a protein, an aliphatic polyester, a polylactic acid, a poly(glycolide), a poly(ε-caprolactone), a poly(hydroxy ester ether), a poly(hydroxybutyrate), a poly(anhydride), a polycarbonate, a poly(orthoester), a poly(amino acid), a poly(ethylene oxide), a poly(propylene oxide), a poly(phosphazene), a polyester amide, a polyamide, any copolymer thereof, and any derivative thereof.
5. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein the oil-based continuous phase is present in the range of from about 50% to about 100% by volume of the water-in-oil emulsion composition.
6. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein the discontinuous phase comprises about 0.5% to about 100% hydrogel droplets.
7. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein the discontinuous phase is present in the range of from about 5% to about 50% by volume of the water-in-oil emulsion composition.
8. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 1 wherein the hydrogel droplets have a diameter of less than 100 microns.
9. A method comprising:
providing a water-in-oil emulsion composition comprising an oil-based continuous phase and a discontinuous phase that comprises at least a plurality of discrete hydrogel droplets; and placing the water-in-oil emulsion composition in a well bore penetrating a subterranean formation.
10. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 9 wherein the oil-based continuous phase comprises at least one oil-based fluid selected from the group consisting of: an ester based fluid, mineral oil, an internal olefin, an alpha olefin, diesel oil, crude oil, paraffin oil, a low toxicity mineral oil, an olefin, an ester, an amide, an amine, a synthetic oil such as a polyolefin, a polydiorganosiloxane, a siloxane, an organosiloxane, an ether, an acetal, a dialkylcarbonate, a hydrocarbon, and any derivative thereof.
11. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 9 wherein the discontinuous phase comprises at least one nonoleaginous fluid selected from the group consisting of: an aqueous-based fluid, glycerin, a glycol, a polyglycol amine, a polyol, and any derivative thereof.
12. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 9 wherein the hydrogel droplets comprise at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate-co-adipate, polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, polyhydroxybutyratecovalerate, polycaprolactone, a polyester amide, a starch-based polymer, a polyethylene terephthalate-based polymer, sulfonated polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, an aliphatic aromatic copolyester, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, a polysaccharide, chitin, chitosan, a protein, an aliphatic polyester, a polylactic acid, a poly(glycolide), a poly(ε-caprolactone), a poly(hydroxy ester ether), a poly(hydroxybutyrate), a poly(anhydride), a polycarbonate, a poly(orthoester), a poly(amino acid), a poly(ethylene oxide), a poly(propylene oxide), a poly(phosphazene), a polyester amide, a polyamide, any copolymer thereof, and any derivative thereof.
13. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 9 wherein the oil-based continuous phase is present in the range of from about 50% to about 100% by volume of the water-in-oil emulsion composition.
14. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 9 wherein the discontinuous phase comprises about 0.5% to about 100% hydrogel droplets.
15. A method comprising:
providing drilling fluid comprising a water-in-oil emulsion composition, wherein the water-in-oil emulsion composition comprises an oil-based continuous phase and a discontinuous phase that comprises at least a plurality of discrete hydrogel droplets; and drilling at least a portion of a well bore in a subterranean formation with the drilling fluid.
16. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 15 wherein the oil-based continuous phase comprises at least one oil-based fluid selected from the group consisting of: an ester based fluid, mineral oil, an internal olefin, an alpha olefin, diesel oil, crude oil, paraffin oil, a low toxicity mineral oil, an olefin, an ester, an amide, an amine, a synthetic oil such as a polyolefin, a polydiorganosiloxane, a siloxane, an organosiloxane, an ether, an acetal, a dialkylcarbonate, a hydrocarbon, and any derivative thereof.
17. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 15 wherein the discontinuous phase comprises at least one nonoleaginous fluid selected from the group consisting of: an aqueous-based fluid, glycerin, a glycol, a polyglycol amine, a polyol, and any derivative thereof.
18. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 15 wherein the hydrogel droplets comprise at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate-co-adipate, polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, polyhydroxybutyratecovalerate, polycaprolactone, a polyester amide, a starch-based polymer, a polyethylene terephthalate-based polymer, sulfonated polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, an aliphatic aromatic copolyester, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, a polysaccharide, chitin, chitosan, a protein, an aliphatic polyester, a polylactic acid, a poly(glycolide), a poly(ε-caprolactone), a poly(hydroxy ester ether), a poly(hydroxybutyrate), a poly(anhydride), a polycarbonate, a poly(orthoester), a poly(amino acid), a poly(ethylene oxide), a poly(propylene oxide), a poly(phosphazene), a polyester amide, a polyamide, any copolymer thereof, and any derivative thereof.
19. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 15 wherein the oil-based continuous phase is present in the range of from about 50% to about 100% by volume of the water-in-oil emulsion composition.
20. The water-in-oil emulsion composition of claim 15 wherein the discontinuous phase comprises about 0.5% to about 100% hydrogel droplets.
21. A method of preparing a water-in-oil emulsion composition comprising hydrogel droplets comprising:
providing a water-in-oil emulsion composition comprising an oil-based continuous phase and a discontinuous phase; adding a monomer, an initiator, and optionally a crosslinking agent to the water-in-oil emulsion composition; and allowing the monomer to disperse in the discontinuous phase and react with the initiator and optionally the crosslinking agent to form at least a plurality of discrete hydrogel droplets.
22. The method of claim 21 wherein the monomer comprises at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of: a butylene, succinate-co-adipate, hydroxybutyratevalerate, hydroxybutyrate-covalerate, a caprolactone, an amide, a starch-based monomer, an ethylene terephthalate-based monomer, sulfonated ethylene terephthalate, an ethylene oxide, an ethylene, propylene, a vinyl alcohol, an aliphatic aromatic ester, acrylic acid, acrylamide, vinyl pyrrolidone, a monosaccharide, a chitin, a chitosan, a protein, an aliphatic ester, a lactic acid, a glycolide, an ε-caprolactone, a hydroxy ester ether, a hydroxybutyrate, an anhydride, a carbonate, an orthoester, an amino acid, an ethylene oxide, a propylene oxide, a phosphazene, an ether ester, an ester amide, an amide, any copolymer thereof, and any derivative thereof.
23. The method of claim 21 wherein the amount of monomer added to the water-in-oil emulsion composition is from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of the discontinuous phase.
24. The method of claim 21 wherein the crosslinking agent is added to the water-in-oil emulsion composition in an amount in the range of 0.01% to about 5% by weight of the monomer.