An electric iron includes a soleplate and at least one heating element. The heating element includes multi-layer conductive coating of nano-thickness disposed on the soleplate. The heating element further includes electrodes disposed on the multi-layer conductive coating. The multi-layer conductive coating has a structure and composition which stabilize performance of the heating element at high temperatures. The soleplate can be made of ceramic glass. The electric iron can perform heating and ironing functions using alternating current electrical power, direct current electrical power, solar energy power, or one or more batteries.
1. An electric iron comprising:
a soleplate; and
at least one heating element comprising:
a multi-layer conductive coating of nano-thickness disposed on the soleplate; and
electrodes disposed on the multi-layer conductive coating, wherein the multi-layer conductive coating comprises an oxide coating including a source metal selected from the group consisting of tin, indium, cadmium, tungsten, titanium and vanadium.
2. The electric iron as claimed in claim 1 , comprising a plurality of heating elements electrically connected one another.
3. The electric iron as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the plurality of heating elements are electrically connected in parallel.
4. The electric iron as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the plurality of heating elements are electrically connected in series.
5. The electric iron as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the multi-layer conductive coatings of the heating elements are constructed in a same size.
6. The electric iron as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the multi-layer conductive coatings of the heating elements are constructed in different sizes.
7. The electric iron as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the multi-layer conductive coatings of the heating elements are constructed in same characteristics.
8. The electric iron as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the multi-layer conductive coatings of the heating elements are constructed in different characteristics.
9. The electric iron as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the multi-layer conductive coating of the heating element comprises a size of about 30 mm to about 150 mm in length and about 10 mm to about 80 mm in width.
10. The electric iron as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electrical resistance of the multi-layer conductive coating of the heating element is about 5 ohms to about 50 ohms.
11. The electric iron as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the soleplate comprises ceramic glass.
12. The electric iron as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a protective layer disposed over the electrodes and the multi-layer conductive coating, wherein the electrodes and the multi-layer conductive coating are sandwiched between the protective layer and the soleplate.
13. The electric iron as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the protective layer comprises a ceramic glass or other insulating materials.
14. The electric iron as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electric iron is powered by direct current electrical power or solar energy power.
15. The electric iron as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the power is provided by one or more rechargeable or non-rechargeable batteries.
16. The electric iron as claimed in claim 14 , further comprising a power charger or power converter.
17. The electric iron as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the electric iron is cordless.
18. The electric iron as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electrodes comprises glass ceramic frit based ink including a source metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, gold, silver, palladium and copper.
19. An electric iron comprising:
a soleplate; and
at least one heating element comprising:
a multi-layer conductive coating of nano-thickness disposed on the soleplate; and
electrodes disposed on the multi-layer conductive coating, wherein the multi-layer conductive coating is produced by spray pyrolysis.
20. The electric iron as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the spray pyrolysis is carried out at a temperature of about 650° C. to about 750° C.
21. The electric iron as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the spray pyrolysis is carried out at a spray pressure of about 0.4 MPa to about 0.7 MPa.
22. The electric iron as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the spray pyrolysis is carried out at a spray head speed of less than 1000 mm per second.
23. The electric iron as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the spray pyrolysis is carried out by alternating spray passes in a direction of about 90 degrees to each other.
24. The electric iron as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the heating element further comprises a multi-layer insulating coating of nano-thickness disposed between the multi-layer conductive coating and the soleplate.
25. The electric iron as claimed in claim 24 , wherein the multi-layer insulating coating comprises sol-gel derived silicon dioxide.
26. An electric iron comprising:
a soleplate; and
a plurality of heating elements electrically connected one another, each of the heating elements comprising:
a multi-layer conductive coating of nano-thickness disposed on the soleplate; and
electrodes disposed on the multi-layer conductive coating, wherein the multi-layer conductive coating comprises an oxide coating including a source metal selected from the group consisting of tin, indium, cadmium, tungsten, titanium and vanadium, wherein the multi-layer conductive coating is produced by spray pyrolysis; and
a protective layer disposed over the electrodes and the multi-layer conductive coating, wherein the electrodes and the multi-layer conductive coating are sandwiched between the protective layer and the soleplate.
27. The electric iron as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the plurality of heating elements are electrically connected in parallel.
28. The electric iron as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the plurality of heating elements are electrically connected in series.