Use of organic acids and essential oils in animal feeding
The present invention relates to a novel feed composition for animals, for example poultry, comprising as active ingredient benzoic acid, derivatives or metabolites thereof, in combination with a mixture of at least two active compounds selected from the group consisting of thymol, eugenol and piperine. The inventors found that in addition to the well known function of benzoic acid, this compound can be used as a potential growth promoter when it is combined with a mixture of at least two active compounds selected from the group consisting of thymol, eugenol and piperine. In particular the inventors have been able to demonstrate that a mixture of these chemical compounds present in different parts of plants, used in synergy and in combination with an appropriate amount of benzoic acid, exhibits, in totally unexpected manner, the effects sought by the present invention of improving the digestibility of poultry feed, i.e. for improving feed conversion ratio and/or daily weight gain in animal.
1. A method for improving feed conversion ratio and/or daily weight gain and/or gut flora modulation in poultry, which method comprises providing to poultry for ingestion a feed which comprises benzoic acid in an effective amount from 50 to 1000 mg/kg of feed in combination with a mixture of at least two active compounds selected from the group consisting of thymol, eugenol and piperine.
2. A method for improving feed conversion ratio and/or daily weight gain and/or gut flora modulation and/or as antimicrobial agent in poultry, which method comprises providing to poultry for ingestion a feed which comprises benzoic acid in an effective amount from 50 to 1000 mg/kg of feed in combination with a mixture of at least two active compounds selected from the group consisting of thymol, eugenol and piperine.
3. The method according to claim 2 , which further comprises co-feeding of poultry with a composition comprising the benzoic acid as a main ingredient together with a composition comprising a mixture of at least two compounds selected from the group consisting of thymol, eugenol and piperine.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said mixture comprises thymol, eugenol and piperine.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said mixture comprises at least one additional chemical compound selected from the group consisting of propylidene, butylidene, phtalides, gingerol, lavender oil, deca-, undeca-, dodecalactones, ionones, irone, resorcinol, eucalyptol, menthol, peppermint oil, alpha-pinene, limonene, guajacol, anethol, linalool, methyl dihydrojasmonate, carvacrol, propionic, acetic or butyric acid, rosemary oil, clove oil, geraniol, terpineol, citronellol, amyl and/or benzyl salicylate, cinnamaldehyde, vanilline, plant polyphenol, powder of turmeric, extract of curcuma.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said benzoic acid is present in the feed in an amount sufficient to provide a daily dosage of 5 mg per kg body weight to about 80 mg per kg body weight of the poultry to which it is administered.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein, thymol, eugenol and piperine are present in the feed in amounts sufficient to provide a daily dosage of 0.5 mg to about 1 mg thymol and eugenol and of 0.02 mg to about 0.06 mg piperine per kg body weight of the poultry to which it is administered.
8. A method for improving feed conversion ratio and/or daily weight gain and/or gut flora modulation in poultry, which method comprises providing to poultry for ingestion a feed which comprises benzoic acid in an effective amount from 50 to 1000 mg/kg of feed in combination with a mixture of at least two active compounds selected from the group consisting of thymol, eugenol and piperine, which are present as ingredients of the feed ingested by the poultry.
9. A method according to claim 1 or 8 , wherein the poultry is one selected from chickens, turkeys and ducks.
10. A method as in claim 9 , wherein the poultry is selected from broiler and layer chickens.