Method for treating urinary bladder cancer
The present invention discloses an immunotherapeutic method for treating a patient suffering from urinary bladder cancer by administering expanded tumour-reactive CD4+ helper and/or CD8+ T-lymphocytes obtainable from one or more sentinel or metinel lymph nodes draining a tumour in the bladder or a metastasis arising from a tumour in the bladder. The method provides a new effective method for treating urinary bladder cancer and metastatic bladder cancer, without adverse side effects associated with the known treatments. The method comprises identification of in a patient one or more sentinel and/or metinel lymph nodes draining a tumour in the bladder or a metastasis from a tumour in the bladder, resection of the one or more nodes and, optionally all or part of the tumour or metastasis, isolation of tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes from said lymph nodes, in vitro expansion of said tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes, and administration of the thus obtained tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes to the patient, wherein the T-lymphocytes are CD4+ helper and/or CD8+ T-lymphocytes.
1. A method for treating a patient suffering from urinary bladder cancer, the method comprising:
i) identifying in a patient one or more sentinel or metinel lymph nodes draining a tumour in the bladder or a metastasis from a tumour in the bladder;
ii) resecting the one or more lymph nodes and, optionally all or part of the tumour or metastasis;
iii) isolating tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes from said lymph nodes;
iv) in vitro expanding said tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes, wherein the in vitro expansion comprises
a) a first phase of stimulating tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes with a denatured homogenate of the bladder tumour together with IL-2 to promote survival of tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes, and
b) a second phase of activating and promoting growth of tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes, wherein the second phase is initiated when the CD25 cell surface marker is down-regulated on T-lymphocytes; and
v) administering the thus obtained tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes from step (iv) to the patient;
wherein the obtained tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes are CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the second phase is initiated when 5% or less of the T-lymphocyte population expresses CD25.
3. A method according to either of claim 1 or 2 , wherein the first phase is initiated by adding IL-2.
4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the second phase is initiated by the addition of a denatured homogenate of the bladder tumour to the T-lymphocytes for activating tumour-reactive CD25-negative T-lymphocytes.
5. A method according to claim 4 , wherein the second phase further comprises addition of antigen presenting cells to the T-lymphocytes.
6. A method according to claim 5 , wherein the antigen presenting cells are irradiated peripheral blood leucocytes containing antigen-presenting B-cells and/or monocytes.
7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the second phase comprises adding one or more substances capable of antagonizing development of Th2 type T-lymphocytes and selected from the group consisting of anti IL-4 antibody, anti IL-5 antibody and anti IL-10 antibody.
8. A method according to claim 7 , wherein a further amount of the one or more substances capable of antagonizing development of Th2 type T-lymphocytes is added regularly throughout the second phase.
9. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the second phase comprises adding one or more substances promoting the development of Th1 type T-lymphocytes and selected from the group consisting of IL-7, IL-12, IL-15 and IL-21.
10. A method according to claim 7 for the preparation of Th1 type T-lymphocytes of the memory or effector type.
11. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising monitoring the expression of cell surface markers on the T-lymphocytes continuously during the first phase and second phase and wherein the T-lymphocytes are harvested when CD25 cell surface marker on T-lymphocytes in the second phase is down-regulated.
12. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the T-lymphocytes are derived from sentinel lymph nodes draining the bladder tumour and/or a metastasis.
13. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the second phase comprises addition of antigen presenting cells to the T-lymphocytes.
14. A method for treating a patient suffering from urinary bladder cancer, the method comprising:
i) identifying in a patient one or more sentinel or metinel lymph nodes draining a tumour in the bladder or a metastasis from a tumour in the bladder;
ii) resecting the one or more lymph nodes and, optionally all or part of the tumour or metastasis;
iii) isolating T-lymphocytes from said lymph nodes;
iv) in vitro expanding said isolated T-lymphocytes, wherein the in vitro expansion comprises
a) a first phase of stimulating CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes with a denatured homogenate of the bladder tumour together with IL-2 to promote survival of tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes, and
b) a second phase of activating and promoting growth of tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes, wherein the second phase is initiated when the CD25 cell surface marker is down-regulated on T-lymphocytes; and
v) administering the thus obtained tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes from step (iv) to the patient;
wherein the obtained tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes are CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes.
15. A method for treating a patient suffering from urinary bladder cancer, the method comprising administering the tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes to the patient, wherein the tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes are tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes obtained by:
i) identifying in a patient one or more sentinel or metinel lymph nodes draining a tumour in the bladder or a metastasis from a tumour in the bladder;
ii) resecting the one or more lymph nodes and, optionally all or part of the tumour or metastasis;
iii) isolating tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes from said lymph nodes; and
iv) in vitro expanding said tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes, wherein the in vitro expansion comprises
a) a first phase of stimulating tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes with a denatured homogenate of the bladder tumour together with IL-2 to promote survival of tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes, and
b) a second phase of activating and promoting growth of tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes, wherein the second phase is initiated when the CD25 cell surface marker is down-regulated on T-lymphocytes.
16. A method for treating a patient suffering from urinary bladder cancer, the method comprising administering the tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes to the patient, wherein the tumour-reactive T-lymphocytes are tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes obtained by:
i) identifying in a patient one or more sentinel or metinel lymph nodes draining a tumour in the bladder or a metastasis from a tumour in the bladder;
ii) resecting the one or more lymph nodes and, optionally all or part of the tumour or metastasis;
iii) isolating T-lymphocytes from said lymph nodes; and
iv) in vitro expanding said isolated T-lymphocytes, wherein the in vitro expansion comprises
a) a first phase of stimulating CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes with a denatured homogenate of the bladder tumour together with IL-2 to promote survival of tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes, and
b) a second phase of activating and promoting growth of tumour-reactive CD4+ helper or CD8+ T-lymphocytes, wherein the second phase is initiated when the CD25 cell surface marker is down-regulated on T-lymphocytes.