Polymer co-location in surface-attached biopolymers and arrays of biopolymers
Embodiments of the present invention provide substrates having controllably co-located polymers of different sequences. Methods are provided that allow the fabrication of arrays of polymers on a substrate having controllably co-located polymers in regions of the array. For example, polymers of nucleic acids and peptides having different sequences and or compositions can be co-located within a region of a substrate. Also provided are arrays of DNA polymers wherein polymers having two different sequences are co-located within a region of an array. The co-located DNA polymers can comprise complementary DNA that is able to hybridize and form double stranded DNA. Arrays having regions comprising double stranded DNA are provided.
1. An array of DNA molecules, comprising:
a support structure that has a surface wherein the surface comprises regions and the regions comprise a plurality of DNA polymers that are attached to the surface of the support structure;
wherein at least one of the regions comprises a first DNA polymer that comprises a first known sequence and a second DNA polymer that comprises a second known sequence and the first known sequence is different from the second known sequence and wherein the first known DNA sequence is complementary to the second known DNA sequence, wherein the first DNA polymer and the second DNA polymer are attached to the substrate surface through one trifunctional linker molecule;
wherein the trifunctional linker molecule has three distinct sites for attachment and wherein the first DNA polymer is attached to one of the three distinct sites, the second DNA polymer is attached to a second of the three distinct sites, and a third site is attached to the surface of the substrate;
wherein the first DNA polymer is terminated with a group that prevents further polymer synthesis under DNA synthesis conditions; and
wherein the at least one region consists essentially of the copies of the first DNA polymer and the second DNA polymer.
2. The array according to claim 1 wherein the array comprises 1,000 to 10,000 regions.
3. The array according to claim 1 wherein the array comprises 100 to 1,000 regions.
4. The array according to claim 1 wherein a region of the array is less than 100 μm 2 .
5. The array according to claim 1 wherein the first and second DNA polymers each comprise from 5 to 50 nucleic acids.
6. The array according to claim 1 wherein the first and second DNA polymers each comprise from 10 to 30 nucleic acids.
7. The array according to claim 1 wherein the first and second DNA polymers are attached to the trifunctional linker through a spacer group and the spacer group comprises a polyethylene glycol.
8. The array according to claim 1 wherein the trifunctional linker is attached to the substrate through a spacer group comprising polyethylene glycol.