Protein markers for the detection of thyroid cancer metastasis
This invention relates, e.g., to a method for detecting the presence of lymph node metastases in a subject having papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), comprising measuring in a sample from the subject the amount of expression (e.g., the amount of protein, or the amount of mRNA encoding the protein) of one or more of the following proteins: (a) LIMD2, and/or (b) PTPRC, and/or (c) LTB, and/or (d) CD48, and/or (e) ABCC3, wherein a significant amount of over-expression of one or more of protein(s) (a)-(e), compared to the baseline value, indicates that lymph node metastases are likely to be present in the subject.
1. A method for detecting the presence of lymph node metastases in a subject having papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), comprising
measuring in a sample from the subject the amount of expression of one or more of the following proteins, compared to a baseline value:
(a) LIMD2, and/or
(b) LTB,
wherein a significant amount of over-expression of the protein(s) compared to the baseline value indicates that lymph node metastases are likely to be present in the subject.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of expression of both of the proteins is measured.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising measuring the amount of expression of
(c) PTPRC, and/or
(d) CD48, and/or
(e) ABCC3,
wherein a significant amount of over-expression of protein(s) (c), (d) and/or (e) compared to the baseline value further indicates that lymph node metastases are likely to be present in the subject.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the amount of expression of at least four of the proteins is measured.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the amount of expression of all five of the proteins is measured.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample is from a lymph node biopsy.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample is from serum.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising measuring the amount of expression of serum thyroglobulin (TG), wherein a significant amount of over-expression of TG compared to the baseline value further indicates that lymph node metastases are likely to be present in the subject.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of expression of a protein is determined by measuring the amount of mRNA encoding the protein.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the measuring of the amount of an mRNA is accomplished by a method comprising hybridizing the mRNA to a probe that is specific for the mRNA, under conditions that are effective for specific hybridization of the mRNA to the probe.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of expression of a protein is determined by measuring the amount of the protein.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the measuring of the amount of a protein is accomplished by a method comprising binding the protein to an antibody that is specific for the protein, under conditions effective for specific binding of the protein to the antibody.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the antibody is contacted with a histological preparation of a biopsy sample from a lymph node, and is visualized by immunohistochemical staining.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising,
if the subject is determined to be likely to have lymph node metastases, treating the subject aggressively for the PTC, and
if the subject is determined not to be likely to have lymph node metastases, not treating the subject aggressively for the PTC.
15. The method of claim 1 , which is a method for following the progression of the PTC.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the detection is carried out both before or at approximately the same time as, and after, the administration of a treatment, and which is a method for determining the effectiveness of the treatment.
17. The method of claim 1 , which is a method for determining recurrence of PTC.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is human.