Magnetic material for magneto-optical isolator
A magneto-optical structure is provided. The magneto-optical structure includes a substrate. A waveguide layer is formed on the substrate for guiding electromagnetic radiation received by the magneto-optical structure. The waveguide layer includes magnetic oxide material that comprises ABO 3 perovskite doped with transition metal ions on the B site, or transition metal ions doped SnO 2 , or transition metal ions doped CeO 2 .
1. A magneto-optical structure comprising:
a substrate; and
a waveguide layer formed on said substrate for guiding electromagnetic radiation received by said magneto-optical structure, said waveguide layer includes magnetic oxide material that comprises a ABO 3 perovskite structure doped with a transition metal ion on the B site, or a transition metal ion doped SnO 2 , or a transition metal ion doped CeO 2 , said transitional metal ion allows said waveguide layer to be magneto-optically active and with the presence of Pb, Ce, or Bi in said ABO 3 perovskite structure increases magneto-optical activity in the waveguide layer without increasing optical absorption at room temperature.
2. The magneto-optical structure of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of buffer layers formed on said substrate so as to allow epitaxial growth of said waveguide layer on said substrate.
3. The magneto-optical structure of claim 1 further comprising a cladding layer covering the top region of the waveguide layer.
4. The magneto-optical structure of claim 3 , wherein said optical cladding layer comprises materials with lower refractive index as compared to the waveguide layer.
5. The magneto-optical structure of claim 1 further comprising a permanent magnet film positioned on the layer cladding layer and provides a magnetization along the waveguide layer.
6. The magneto-optical structure of claim 1 , wherein said waveguide layer comprises a channel waveguide.
7. The magneto-optical structure of claim 1 , wherein said waveguide layer comprises a ridge waveguide.
8. The magneto-optical structure of claim 5 , wherein said permanent magnet film provides a magnetic field where Faraday rotation is achieved when light is propagating in said magneto-optical structure.
9. The magneto-optical structure of claim 1 , wherein said waveguide layer comprises a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
10. A method of forming a magneto-optical structure comprising:
providing a substrate;
forming a waveguide layer on said substrate for guiding electromagnetic radiation received by said magneto-optical structure, said waveguide layer includes magnetic oxide material that comprises a ABO 3 perovskite structure doped with a transition metal ion on the B site, or a transition metal ion doped SnO 2 , or a transition metal ion doped CeO 2 , said transitional metal ion allows said waveguide layer to be magneto-optically active and with the presence of Pb, Ce, or Bi in said ABO 3 perovskite structure increases magneto-optical activity in the waveguide layer without increasing optical absorption at temperature.
11. The method of claim 10 further comprising forming a plurality of buffer layers formed on said substrate so as to allow epitaxial growth of said waveguide layer on said substrate.
12. The method of claim 10 further comprising forming a cladding layer coverings the top region of the waveguide layer.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein said optical cladding layer comprises materials with lower refractive index as compared to the waveguide layer.
14. The method of claim 10 further comprising forming a permanent magnet film positioned on the layer cladding layer and provides a magnetization along the waveguide layer.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein said waveguide layer comprises a channel waveguide.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein said waveguide layer comprises a ridge waveguide.
17. The method of claim 14 , wherein said permanent magnet film provides a magnetic field where Faraday rotation is achieved when light is propagating in said magneto-optical structure.
18. The method of claim 10 , wherein said waveguide layer comprises a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.