Power supply topology for a multi-processor controller in an electric traction system
View Patent ↗A multi-processor controller is provided. The multi-processor controller can be used to control the operation of an inverter in a vehicle-based electric traction system. The multi-processor controller includes a first processor device having a first supply voltage node, a second processor device having a second supply voltage node, a first voltage regulator, and a second voltage regulator. The first voltage regulator has a first output voltage node coupled to the first supply voltage node, and the first voltage regulator is configured to generate a first regulated supply voltage for the first processor device. The second voltage regulator has a second output voltage node coupled to the second supply voltage node, and the second voltage regulator is configured to generate a second regulated supply voltage for the second processor device.
1. A multi-processor controller for an inverter in an electric traction system of a vehicle, the multi-processor controller comprising:
a first processor device having a first supply voltage node;
a second processor device having a second supply voltage node;
a first voltage regulator having a first output voltage node coupled to the first supply voltage node, the first voltage regulator being configured to generate a first regulated supply voltage for the first processor device; and
a second voltage regulator having a second output voltage node coupled to the second supply voltage node, the second voltage regulator being configured to generate a second regulated supply voltage for the second processor device; wherein
the first processor device and the second processor device are configured to control operation of the inverter.
2. The multi-processor controller of claim 1 , further comprising a voltage converter coupled to the first voltage regulator and to the second voltage regulator, the voltage converter being configured to convert a source voltage into a first unregulated voltage input for the first voltage regulator, and into a second unregulated voltage input for the second voltage regulator.
3. The multi-processor controller of claim 2 , wherein:
the source voltage is a direct current (DC) source voltage provided by an electrical system of the vehicle; and
the voltage converter comprises a DC-to-DC converter configured to generate, from the DC source voltage, a first DC voltage as the first unregulated voltage input, and to generate, from the DC source voltage, a second DC voltage as the second unregulated voltage input.
4. The multi-processor controller of claim 3 , wherein the first DC voltage is substantially equal to the second DC voltage.
5. The multi-processor controller of claim 1 , wherein the first regulated supply voltage is substantially equal to the second regulated supply voltage.
6. The multi-processor controller of claim 1 , further comprising a third processor device having a third supply voltage node, wherein:
the first output voltage node is coupled to the third supply voltage node;
the first voltage regulator is configured to generate the first regulated supply voltage for the first processor device and the third processor device; and
the first processor device, the second processor device, and the third processor device are configured to control operation of the inverter.
7. The multi-processor controller of claim 6 , further comprising a fourth processor device having a fourth supply voltage node, wherein:
the second output voltage node is coupled to the fourth supply voltage node;
the second voltage regulator is configured to generate the second regulated supply voltage for the second processor device and the fourth processor device; and
the first processor device, the second processor device, the third processor device, and the fourth processor device are configured to control operation of the inverter.
8. The multi-processor controller of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first voltage monitor coupled to the first supply voltage node, the first voltage monitor being configured to reset the first processor device if the first regulated supply voltage drifts outside a nominal operating voltage range for the first processor device; and
a second voltage monitor coupled to the second supply voltage node, the second voltage monitor being configured to reset the second processor device if the second regulated supply voltage drifts outside a nominal operating voltage range for the second processor device.
9. The multi-processor controller of claim 1 , further comprising a single physical circuit board, wherein the first processor device, the second processor device, the first voltage regulator, and the second voltage regulator are all mounted on the single physical circuit board.
10. An electric drive system for a vehicle, the electric drive system comprising:
an energy source;
an electric motor;
an inverter coupled between the energy source and the electric motor, the inverter being configured to convert direct current from the energy source into alternating current for the electric motor; and
a multi-processor controller coupled to the inverter, the multi-processor controller comprising:
a plurality of processor devices grouped into a plurality of mutually exclusive subsets and configured to control operation of the inverter to achieve a desired power flow between the energy source and the electric motor; and
a plurality of voltage regulators, each being configured to generate a respective regulated supply voltage for a different one of the mutually exclusive subsets.
11. The electric drive system of claim 10 , wherein:
the plurality of processor devices comprises a first processor device, a second processor device, a third processor device, and a fourth processor device;
the plurality of voltage regulators comprises a first voltage regulator coupled to the first processor device and the third processor device, and a second voltage regulator coupled to the second processor device and the fourth processor device;
the first voltage regulator is configured to generate a first regulated supply voltage for the first processor device and the third processor device; and
the second voltage regulator is configured to generate a second regulated supply voltage for the second processor device and the fourth processor device.
12. The electric drive system of claim 10 , further comprising a plurality of voltage monitors, each being configured to monitor the respective regulated supply voltage for a different one of the mutually exclusive subsets, and to detect if the respective regulated supply voltage drifts outside its nominal operating voltage range.
13. The electric drive system of claim 10 , further comprising a voltage converter coupled to the plurality of voltage regulators, the voltage converter being configured to convert a source voltage into unregulated voltage inputs for the plurality of voltage regulators.
14. The electric drive system of claim 13 , wherein:
the source voltage is a direct current (DC) source voltage provided by an electrical system of the vehicle; and
the voltage converter comprises a DC-to-DC converter configured to generate the unregulated voltage inputs from the DC source voltage.
15. The electric drive system of claim 10 , wherein each of the plurality of voltage regulators is configured to generate the same nominal voltage as its respective regulated supply voltage.
16. The electric drive system of claim 10 , further comprising a single physical circuit board, wherein the plurality of processor devices and the plurality of voltage regulators are all mounted on the single physical circuit board.
17. A multi-processor controller comprising:
a first voltage regulator configured to generate a first regulated supply voltage at its output node;
a second voltage regulator configured to generate a second regulated supply voltage at its output node;
a first plurality of processor devices, each having a respective supply voltage node coupled to the output node of the first voltage regulator to receive the first regulated supply voltage; and
a second plurality of processor devices, each having a respective supply voltage node coupled to the output node of the second voltage regulator to receive the second regulated supply voltage.
18. The multi-processor controller of claim 17 , further comprising a voltage converter having a first output coupled to an input of the first voltage regulator, and having a second output coupled to an input of the second voltage regulator, the voltage converter being configured to convert a source voltage into a first unregulated voltage generated at its first output, and into a second unregulated voltage generated at its second output.
19. The multi-processor controller of claim 17 , further comprising:
a first voltage monitor coupled to the output node of the first voltage regulator and coupled to each of the first plurality of processor devices, the first voltage monitor being configured to reset each of the first plurality of processor devices if the first regulated supply voltage drifts outside a nominal operating voltage range for the first plurality of processor devices; and
a second voltage monitor coupled to the output node of the second voltage regulator and coupled to each of the second plurality of processor devices, the second voltage monitor being configured to reset each of the second plurality of processor devices if the second regulated supply voltage drifts outside a nominal operating voltage range for the second plurality of processor devices.
20. The multi-processor controller of claim 17 , further comprising a single physical circuit board, wherein the first voltage regulator, the second voltage regulator, the first plurality of processor devices, and the second plurality of processor devices are all mounted on the single physical circuit board.