Undercoat layers and methods for making the same
The presently disclosed embodiments are directed to layers that are useful in imaging apparatus members and components, for use in electrostatographic, including digital, apparatuses. More particularly, the present embodiments provide a robust undercoat layer comprising TiSi in which the TiO 2 to SiO 2 ratio falls in a particular ratio range discovered to reduce both plywood print defects as well as abnormal operating parameters and print defects from micro-cracks in the undercoat layer, and methods for making the same.
1. A robust undercoat layer, comprising:
TiO 2 ;
SiO 2 ; and
a binder resin;
wherein the ratio of the sum of TiO 2 and the binder resin to SiO 2 is from 91/9 to 93/7; the ratio of SiO 2 to the sum of SiO 2 , TiO 2 and binder resin is from 6.9 to 8.7, and further wherein the robust undercoat layer has a thickness of from about 3 microns to about 5 microns.
2. The robust undercoat layer of claim 1 , wherein the robust undercoat layer has a thickness of from about 3.5 microns to about 4.5 microns.
3. The robust undercoat layer of claim 1 , wherein the SiO 2 is surface treated to have an overcoating of polydimethylsiloxane.
4. The robust undercoat layer of claim 1 , wherein the binder resin is selected from the group consisting of phenolic resins, and mixtures thereof.
5. The robust undercoat layer of claim 1 , wherein the binder resin formed from a phenolic resin solution in n-Butyl alcohol/Xylene.
6. An imaging member, comprising:
a substrate;
a robust undercoat layer disposed on the substrate, the robust undercoat layer comprising:
TiO 2 ;
SiO 2 ; and
a binder resin;
wherein the ratio of the sum of TiO 2 and the binder resin to SiO 2 is from 91/9 to 93/7; the ratio of SiO 2 to the sum of SiO 2 , TiO 2 and binder resin is from 6.9 to 8.7, and further wherein the robust undercoat layer has a thickness of from about 3 microns to about 5 microns;
a charge generation layer disposed on the undercoat layer; and
a charge transport layer disposed on the charge generation layer.
7. The imaging member of claim 6 , wherein the robust undercoat layer has a thickness of from about 3.5 microns to about 4.5 microns.
8. The imaging layer of claim 6 , wherein the SiO 2 is surface treated to have an overcoating of polydimethylsiloxane.
9. The imaging layer of claim 6 , wherein the binder resin is selected from the group consisting of phenolic resins, and mixtures thereof.
10. The imaging layer of claim 6 , wherein the binder resin formed from a phenolic resin solution in n-Butyl alcohol/Xylene.
11. The robust undercoat layer of claim 1 , wherein the binder resin is present in an amount from about 10 percent by weight to about 80 percent by weight based on the weight of the dried undercoat layer.
12. The robust undercoat layer of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of TiO 2 to binder resin is from 1.36 to 1.5.
13. The imaging member of claim 6 , wherein the charge transport layer comprises N,N′-bis-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-biphenylamine.
14. The imaging member of claim 6 , wherein the charge transport layer comprises an antioxidant.
15. The imaging member of claim 14 , wherein the antioxidant is butylated hydroxytoluene.
16. The robust undercoat layer of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the sum of TiO 2 and the binder resin to SiO 2 is from 92/8 to 93/7; the ratio of SiO2 to the sum of SiO2, TiO2 and binder resin is from 6.9 to 7.8.
17. The imaging member of claim 6 , wherein the ratio of the sum of TiO 2 and the binder resin to SiO 2 is from 92/8 to 93/7; the ratio of SiO2 to the sum of SiO2, TiO2 and binder resin is from 6.9 to 7.8.