Method for cleaning passageways such an endoscope channels using flow of liquid and gas
Apparatus and methods are disclosed for cleaning interiors of passageways in endoscopes or other luminal medical devices by flow of liquid and gas therethrough. The liquid flow may include rivulets, droplets or other liquid entities which move on the internal surfaces of the passageways, and may include a three-phase contact interface between liquid and dry solid and gas.
1. A method of cleaning an endoscope, comprising:
causing a flow of a gas lengthwise along an interior surface of a passageway of the endoscope; and
causing a flow of a liquid lengthwise along the interior surface of said passageway forming sliding liquid entities along the interior surface of said passageway,
wherein said gas has a velocity at least somewhere along the interior surface of said passageway of approximately 2 m/s to approximately 80 m/s;
wherein said flow of said liquid has a perimeter-normalized liquid flow rate of approximately 1 to approximately 5 milliliters per minute per millimeter of perimeter of said passageway;
wherein said sliding liquid entities provide a moving three-phase interface on the interior surface of said passageway having an advancing contact angle on at least a portion of the interior surface of said passageway greater than approximately 50 degrees and has a receding contact angle greater than 0 degree so that a portion of the interior surface of said passageway is wetted by said liquid and an adjacent portion of the interior surface of said passageway is dry or nearly dry; and
wherein said liquid comprises a surfactant that has a Ross Miles foam height measured at a surfactant concentration of 0.1% that is less than 50 mm.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said liquid flow and said gas flow are such as to achieve rivulet droplet flow on at least some portion of an internal surface of said passageway.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said gas is supplied to an inlet of said passageway at a pressure of not more than approximately 60 psig.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said flow of said gas has a velocity at least somewhere in said passageway of approximately 5 m/s to approximately 15 m/s.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein dryout occurs at least some internal surfaces of said passageway when said internal surfaces of said passageway are not contacted by said liquid.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said flow of said liquid is in a substantially steady-state manner.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said flow of said gas is in a substantially steady-state manner.
8. A method of cleaning an endoscope, comprising:
causing a flow of a gas lengthwise along a hydrophobic interior surface of a passageway of the endoscope; and
causing a flow of a liquid lengthwise along the hydrophobic interior surface of the passageway forming sliding liquid entities along the hydrophobic interior surface of the passageway,
wherein said gas has a velocity at least somewhere along the hydrophobic interior surface of the passageway of approximately 2 m/s to approximately 80 m/s;
wherein said flow of said liquid has a perimeter-normalized liquid flow rate of approximately 1 to approximately 5 milliliters per minute per millimeter of perimeter of the passageway; and
wherein said sliding liquid entities provide a moving three-phase interface on the hydrophobic interior surface of the passageway so that a portion of the hydrophobic interior surface of the passageway is wetted by said liquid and an adjacent portion of the hydrophobic interior surface of the passageway is dry or nearly dry.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said liquid comprises a surfactant and has a Ross Miles foam height measured at a surfactant concentration of 0.1% that is less than 50 mm.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein said sliding liquid entities have an advancing contact angle on at least a portion of the hydrophobic interior surface of the passageway greater than approximately 50 degrees and has a receding contact angle greater than 0 degree.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein said liquid flow and said gas flow are such as to achieve rivulet droplet flow on at least some portion of the hydrophobic interior surface of the passageway.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein said gas is supplied to an inlet of the passageway at a pressure of not more than approximately 60 psig.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein said flow of said gas has a velocity at least somewhere in the passageway of approximately 5 m/s to approximately 15 m/s.
14. The method of claim 8 , wherein dryout occurs at least some the hydrophobic interior surface of the passageway.
15. The method of claim 8 , wherein said flow of said liquid is in a substantially steady-state manner.
16. The method of claim 8 , wherein said flow of said gas is in a substantially steady-state manner.