Surface-emission light source with uniform illumination
An extended area uniform light source providing uniform luminance is taught for displays and other applications where the light emission can be planar or have curvature. The uniform light source is achieved using a combination of a blue light-emitting electroluminescent layer and a highly stable inorganic photoluminescent color conversion layer to tailor the color spectrum of the emitted light. The invention thus encompasses the uniform light source, displays incorporating the uniform light sources as well of methods of making such light sources and displays.
1. A light emitting device, said device comprising a thick film composite dielectric layer, a blue light-emitting phosphor layer, an inorganic photoluminescent film coated over the blue light-emitting phosphor layer, wherein said photoluminescent film permits transmission of only a portion of the blue light to convert to a light of a longer wavelength to provide a light having a defined colour, and wherein said device has a spatially extended surface over which the luminosity of the emitted light at the emission surface is uniform.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the photoluminescent film has an index of refraction equal to or greater than that of the blue light-emitting phosphor layer.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein said light of a longer wavelength is white light.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein said blue light-emitting phosphor layer comprises an europium activated barium thioaluminate.
5. The device of claim 4 , wherein said barium thioaluminate is BaAl 2 S 4 II.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein said photoluminescent film comprises inorganic photoluminescent particles embedded in a polymer matrix.
7. The device of claim 6 , wherein said particles have a particle size distribution in the range of about 3 to about 7 μm.
8. The device of claim 7 , wherein said particles are present in said polymer matrix in an amount of about 20% to about 40% by weight of said matrix.
9. The device of claim 6 , wherein the photoluminescent film comprises a garnet structure material.
10. The device of claim 9 , wherein said garnet structure material is a yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG).
11. The device of claim 10 , wherein said yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is cerium doped.
12. The device of claim 11 , wherein said yttrium aluminum garnet is Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce.
13. The device of claim 6 , wherein said photoluminescent film comprises a cerium or europium doped material selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth aluminates, rare earth aluminates, alkaline earth silicates, alkaline earth aluminosilicates, alkaline earth phosphates, alkaline earth silicon nitrides, silicon oxynitrides and combinations thereof.
14. The device of claim 6 , wherein said polymer matrix is selected from epoxy and silicone.
15. The device of claim 6 , wherein the thickness of the photoluminescent film is about 0.5 to about 1 millimeters.
16. The device of claim 1 , wherein the spatially extended surface is a planar surface.
17. The device of claim 1 , wherein the spatially extended surface is a curved surface.
18. The device of claim 1 , wherein the spatially extended surface is a concave surface for concentrating the intensity of emitted light in a region above the surface.
19. The device of claim 1 , wherein said display further comprises a substrate that is planar or curved.
20. The device of claim 1 , wherein said thick film dielectric composite structure comprises a layer of a sintered perovskite piezoelectric or ferroelectric material selected from lead magnesium niobate (PMN) and lead magnesium titanate-zirconate (PMN-PT) and a thinner smoothing overlayer of a compatible piezoelectric or ferroelectric material of zirconate titanate (PZT).
21. A uniform light emitting device comprising, a thick film composite dielectric layer, a barium thioaluminate (BaAl 2 S 4 )phosphor layer over said thick film composite, and a yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) coated over said phosphor layer, wherein said YAG permits transmission of only a portion of the blue light to convert to a light of a longer wavelength to provide a white light having a defined colour temperature, and wherein said device has a spatially extended surface over which the luminosity of the emitted light at the emission surface is uniform.
22. The device of claim 21 , wherein said yttrium aluminum garnet is Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce.
23. The device of claim 22 , wherein the thickness of said YAG is about 0.5 to about 1 millimeters.
24. The device of claim 22 , wherein said YAG is provided as particles having a particle size distribution in the range of about 3 to about 7 μm.
25. The device of claim 24 , wherein said resin particles are present in said polymer matrix in an amount of about 20% to about 40% by weight of said matrix.
26. The device of claim 1 , wherein said emitted light is used in applications selected from backlights for electronic information displays, sensors and chemical assay devices.
27. The device of claim 1 , wherein said emitted light is used in applications requiring a light source and general indoor or night-time outdoor lighting.
28. A method of making a uniform white light source, said method comprising;
to a thick film composite dielectric layer applying a blue light-emitting phosphor layer;
coating said blue light-emitting phosphor layer with a semi-transparent inorganic photoluminescent film; and
applying an electric field such that said photoluminescent film permits transmission of only a portion of the blue light to convert to a light of a longer wavelength to provide a light having a defined colour, and wherein said device has a spatially extended surface over which the luminosity of the emitted light at the emission surface is uniform.