Hazardous material response system, method of using same and method of training for same
This application describes methods for responding to a hazardous material based upon properties of the hazardous material based on its name. This application also describes methods of teaching hazardous material responders how to use the method of responding to a hazardous material based upon properties of the hazardous material based on its name.
1. A method comprising
determining, as part of a response to a hazardous material emergency involving at least one hazardous material, a chemical name of the at least one hazardous material;
obtaining information relating to the at least one hazardous material from a representation separating a first group of elements and a second group of elements listed on the representation and separated by a line, the representation being provided in fixed medium, the first group comprising two or more elements or chemical moieties selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, nobelium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, and polonium nitride, carbide, hydride and phosphide, the second group comprising group and two or more elements selected from hydrogen, boron, carbon, silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon;
determining whether a first word in the chemical name appears in the first group on the representation, whether a second word in the chemical name appears in the first group, or whether the first word in the chemical name appears in the second group on the representation;
responding to the hazardous material emergency according to a first method when the first word appears in the first group or the second word appears in the first group, the first method comprising outfitting a responder to the hazardous material emergency with protective equipment comprising a totally-encapsulating chemical-protective suit; and
responding to the hazardous material emergency according to a second method when the first word does not appear in the first group, the second word does not appear in the first group, or the first word appears in the second group, the second method comprising outfitting a responder to the hazardous material emergency with protective equipment comprising hooded chemical-resistant clothing.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the representation comprises a periodic chart of the elements and the line separates elements in the first group comprising lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, nobelium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, and polonium from elements in the second group comprising hydrogen, boron, carbon, silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first group comprises a list of elements consisting of at least five of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, nobelium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, and polonium.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first group comprises a list of elements consisting of at least ten of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, nobelium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, and polonium.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first group comprises a list of elements consisting of at least twenty of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, nobelium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, and polonium.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the line separates the first group comprising five of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, nobelium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, and polonium and two of nitride, carbide, hydride and phosphide from the second group comprising five or more of hydrogen, boron, carbon, silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the line separates the first group comprising ten of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, nobelium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, and polonium and the second group comprising ten o of hydrogen, boron, carbon, silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the line separates the first group comprising lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, nobelium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, and polonium and moieties selected from the group consisting of nitride, carbide, hydride and phosphide from the second group comprising hydrogen, boron, carbon, silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising identifying the hazardous material as non-flammable when at least one of the first word and the second word appears in the first group; and
identifying the hazardous material as flammable when neither of the first word and the second word appears t in the first group or when the first word appears in the second group.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising identifying the hazardous material as lacking at least one of an upper explosive level and a lower explosive level when at least one of the first word and the second word appears in the first group; and
identifying the hazardous material as having at least one of an upper explosive level and a lower explosive level when neither of the first word and the second word appears t in the first group or when the first word appears in the second group.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising identifying the hazardous material as lacking a flashpoint when at least one of the first word and the second word appears in the first group; and
identifying the hazardous material as having a flashpoint when neither of the first word and the second word appears t in the first group or when the first word appears in the second group.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising identifying the hazardous material as lacking an ionization potential when at least one of the first word and the second word appears in the first group; and
identifying the hazardous material as having an ionization potential when neither of the first word and the second word appears t in the first group or when the first word appears in the second group.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising identifying the hazardous material as comprising a base when at least one of the first word and the second word appears in the first group; and
identifying the hazardous material as comprising an acid when neither of the first word and the second word appears t in the first group or when the first word appears in the second group.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising identifying the hazardous material with exposure limits expressed in mg/m 3 when at least one of the first word and the second word appears in the first group; and
identifying the hazardous material with exposure limits expressed in ppm when neither of the first word and the second word appears t in the first group or when the first word appears in the second group.
15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising identifying the hazardous material requiring an initial isolation of 75 feet if in solid form and 150 feet if in solution when at least one of the first word and the second word appears in the first group; and
identifying the hazardous material requiring an initial isolation of 75 feet if a solid, 150 feet if a liquid or 300 feet if a gas when neither of the first word and the second word appears t in the first group or when the first word appears in the second group.
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising (c) providing in a second fixed medium a second representation listing second names of hazardous materials wherein a first word of the name of the hazardous material is an element recited in the first group or the second name is a chemical moiety recited in the first group, wherein the representation shows at least one property of the hazardous material having each second name and appropriate tests to evaluate risk associated with the hazardous material;
(d) matching the second name of the hazardous material with the representation and performing the appropriate tests on the hazardous material.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the at least one property is selected from the group consisting of state of matter, flammability, explosive limits, flashpoint, ionizing potential, pH, exposure limit units, and initial isolation.
18. A method comprising:
providing, in a fixed medium, a representation separating two or more elements of the periodic chart into a first group and a second group, wherein the first group of elements comprise chemical constituents of hazardous materials that possess one or more of the following properties: solid, not flammable, no LEL, no flashpoint, no ionizing potential, alkaline, and high pH, and wherein the second group of elements comprise chemical constituents of hazardous materials that possess one or more of the following properties: liquid or gas, flammable, LEL-UEL, flashpoint, ionizing potential, acidic, and low pH; and
causing a user to respond to a hazardous material emergency according to a first method when a first word of a name of a hazardous material involved in the hazardous material emergency appears in the first group on the representation, or causing the user to respond to the hazardous material according to a second method when the first word of the name of the hazardous material appears in the second group on the representation, the first method comprising outfitting a responder to the hazardous material emergency with protective equipment comprising a totally-encapsulating chemical-protective suit, and the second method comprising outfitting a responder to the hazardous material emergency with protective equipment comprising hooded chemical-resistant clothing.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the first group of elements comprises two or more elements selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, nobelium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, and polonium; and the second group of elements comprises two or more elements selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, boron, carbon, silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon.