Organic photosensitive devices using subphthalocyanine compounds
An organic photosensitive optoelectronic device, having a donor-acceptor heterojunction of a donor-like material and an acceptor-like material and methods of making such devices is provided. At least one of the donor-like material and the acceptor-like material includes a subphthalocyanine, a subporphyrin, and/or a subporphyrazine compound; and/or the device optionally has at least one of a blocking layer or a charge transport layer, where the blocking layer and/or the charge transport layer includes a subphthalocyanine, a subporphyrin, and/or a subporphyrazine compound.
1. An organic photosensitive optoelectronic device, comprising an anode, a cathode, and a donor-acceptor heterojunction between the anode and the cathode, the heterojunction comprising a donor-like material and an acceptor-like material, wherein at least one of the donor-like material and the acceptor-like material comprises a subphthalocyanine, a subporphyrin, and/or a subporphyrazine compound; wherein the subphthalocyanine compound comprises boron.
2. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 1 , wherein the donor-like material comprises the subphthalocyanine compound.
3. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 2 , wherein the subphthalocyanine compound is an oligomer.
4. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 2 , wherein the subphthalocyanine compound is of the formula
wherein R 1 to R 12 , M, and X are each selected independently, at least one of R 1 to R 12 is electron donating or electron withdrawing, and the remaining R 1 to R 12 groups are independently selected from the group consisting of H, straight, branched, or cyclic alkyl, halide, thioalkyl, thioaryl, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, amino, alkylamino, arylamino, hydroxy, alkoxy, acylamino, acyloxy, phenyl, carboxy, carboxoamido, carboalkoxy, acyl, sulfonyl, cyano, and nitro, and any of R 1 to R 12 that are adjacent can be part of a fused aliphatic or aromatic ring, wherein the ring may contain one or more atoms other than carbon, M is boron and X is an anionic group.
5. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 2 , wherein the subphthalocyanine compound is of the formula
wherein R 1 to R 12 , M, and X are each selected independently, R 1 to R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, straight, branched, or cyclic alkyl, halide, thioalkyl, thioaryl, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, amino, alkylamino, arylamino, hydroxy, alkoxy, acylamino, acyloxy, phenyl, carboxy, carboxoamido, carboalkoxy, acyl, sulfonyl, cyano, and nitro, and any of R 1 to R 12 that are adjacent can be part of a fused aliphatic or aromatic ring, wherein the ring may contain one or more atoms other than carbon, M is boron and X is an anionic group.
6. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 5 , wherein at least one of R 1 to R 12 is selected from the group consisting of SC 8 H 17 , SC 6 H 5 , SO 2 C 6 H 5 , and SO 2 C 8 H 17 .
7. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 5 , wherein X is selected from the group consisting of halide, alkoxy, phenoxy, hydroxy, aryl, phenyl, and OCOCR 13 R 14 R 15 wherein R 13 , R 14 , and R 15 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, straight, branched, or cyclic alkyl, halide, thioalkyl, thioaryl, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, amino, alkylamino, arylamino, hydroxy, alkoxy, acylamino, acyloxy, phenyl, carboxy, carboxoamido, carboalkoxy, acyl, sulfonyl, cyano, and nitro.
8. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 7 , wherein at least one of R 13 , R 14 , and R 15 is selected from the group consisting of SC 8 H 17 , SC 6 H 5 , SO 2 C 6 H 5 , and SO 2 C 8 H 17 .
9. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 1 , wherein the acceptor-like material comprises the subphthalocyanine compound.
10. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 9 , wherein the subphthalocyanine compound is of the formula
wherein R 1 to R 12 , M, and X are each selected independently, at least one of R 1 to R 12 is electron donating or electron withdrawing, and the remaining R 1 to R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, straight, branched, or cyclic alkyl, halide, thioalkyl, thioaryl, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, amino, alkylamino, arylamino, hydroxy, alkoxy, acylamino, acyloxy, phenyl, carboxy, carboxoamido, carboalkoxy, acyl, sulfonyl, cyano, and nitro, and any of R 1 to R 12 that are adjacent can be part of a fused aliphatic or aromatic ring, wherein the ring may contain one or more atoms other than carbon, M is boron and X is an anionic group.
11. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 9 , wherein the subphthalocyanine compound is of the formula
wherein R 1 to R 12 , M, and X are each selected independently, R 1 to R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, straight, branched, or cyclic alkyl, halide, thioalkyl, thioaryl, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, amino, alkylamino, arylamino, hydroxy, alkoxy, acylamino, acyloxy, phenyl, carboxy, carboxoamido, carboalkoxy, acyl, sulfonyl, cyano, and nitro, and any of R 1 to R 12 that are adjacent can be part of a fused aliphatic or aromatic ring, wherein the ring may contain one or more atoms other than carbon, M is boron and X is an anionic group.
12. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 11 , wherein X is selected from the group consisting of halide, alkoxy, phenoxy, hydroxy, aryl, phenyl, and OCOCR 13 R 14 R 15 , wherein R 13 , R 14 , and R 15 are independently selected from the group consisting of R, straight, branched, or cyclic alkyl, halide, thioalkyl, thioaryl, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, amino, alkylamino, arylamino, hydroxy, alkoxy, acylamino, acyloxy, phenyl, carboxy, carboxoamido, carboalkoxy, acyl, sulfonyl, cyano, and nitro.
13. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 9 , wherein the subphthalocyanine compound is an oligomer.
14. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 1 , wherein the device is a solar cell, photodetector, or photosensor.
15. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 1 , wherein the device is a visible spectrum photodetector or photosensor.
16. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 1 , wherein the heterojunction is a double heterostructure.
17. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 1 , wherein the heterojunction is a bulk heterojunction.
18. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 1 , wherein the heterojunction is a planar heterojunction.
19. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 1 , wherein the donor-like material comprises the subphthalocyanine compound, and the acceptor-like material comprises the subphthalocyanine compound.
20. The organic photosensitive optoelectronic device of claim 1 , wherein the device further comprises at least one of a blocking layer or a charge transport layer, wherein the blocking layer and/or the charge transport layer comprises the subphthalocyanine, the subporphyrin, and/or the subporphyrazine compound.