Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
An analyte monitor includes a sensor, a sensor control unit, and a display unit. The sensor has, for example, a substrate, a recessed channel formed in the substrate, and conductive material disposed in the recessed channel to form a working electrode. The sensor control unit typically has a housing adapted for placement on skin and is adapted to receive a portion of an electrochemical sensor. The sensor control unit also includes two or more conductive contacts disposed on the housing and configured for coupling to two or more contact pads on the sensor. A transmitter is disposed in the housing and coupled to the plurality of conductive contacts for transmitting data obtained using the sensor. The display unit has a receiver for receiving data transmitted by the transmitter of the sensor control unit and a display coupled to the receiver for displaying an indication of a level of an analyte. The analyte monitor may also be part of a drug delivery system to alter the level of the analyte based on the data obtained using the sensor.
1. A transcutaneous sensor, comprising:
an insulating layer having a first side and a second side, the first side and the second side opposing each other;
a first conducting layer having at least a portion disposed on the first side of the insulating layer and including a first contact pad to provide electrical coupling on the first side of the insulating layer; and
a second conducting layer having at least a portion disposed on the second side of the insulating layer, the second conducting layer electrically coupled to a second contact pad to provide electrical coupling on the first side of the insulating layer;
wherein the sensor is configured to generate one or more signals for communication to a signal receiving device using the electrical coupling of the first contact pad and the second contact pad; and further
wherein a first portion of the insulating layer is configured for retention within a housing and a second portion of the insulating layer is configured to protrude from a sensor port disposed on a base of the housing.
2. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer are substantially co-planar.
3. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the insulating layer includes a substrate of the sensor.
4. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer includes a working electrode.
5. The sensor of claim 1 , further comprising an analyte responsive enzyme.
6. The sensor of claim 5 , wherein the analyte responsive enzyme is disposed on the sensor.
7. The sensor of claim 1 , further comprising a membrane.
8. The sensor of claim 7 , wherein the membrane is formed in situ.
9. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein at least a part of the first conducting layer on the insulating layer is configured for fluid contact with interstitial fluid.
10. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the insulating layer includes a via provided between the first side and the second side, the via including an electrically conductive material.
11. The sensor of claim 10 , wherein the second conducting layer is connected to the via including the electrically conductive material to electrically couple to the second contact pad on the first side of the insulating material, such that the first contact pad and the second contact pad are provided on the same side of the insulating material.
12. The sensor of claim 4 , wherein the working electrode comprises an analyte responsive enzyme and a mediator, wherein at least one of the analyte responsive enzyme and the mediator is chemically bonded to a polymer disposed on the working electrode, and wherein at least one of the analyte responsive enzyme and the mediator is crosslinked with the polymer.
13. The sensor of claim 1 , further including a temperature probe configured to obtain one or more temperature related signals.
14. An apparatus, comprising:
an analyte sensor, including:
an insulating layer having a first side and a second side, the first side and the second side opposing each other;
a first conducting layer having at least a portion disposed on the first side of the insulating layer and including a first contact pad to provide electrical coupling on the first side of the insulating layer; and
a second conducting layer having at least a portion disposed on the second side of the insulating layer, the second conducting layer electrically coupled to a second contact pad to provide electrical coupling on the first side of the insulating layer; and
a housing for placement on a skin layer and configured to receive the insulating layer of the analyte sensor;
wherein the analyte sensor is configured to generate one or more signals for communication to a signal receiving device using the electrical coupling of the first contact pad and the second contact pad; and further
wherein a first portion of the insulating layer is configured for retention within the housing and a second portion of the insulating layer is configured to protrude from a sensor port disposed on a base of the housing.
15. The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the insulating layer includes a substrate of the sensor.
16. The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein at least one of the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer includes a working electrode.
17. The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the insulating layer includes a via provided between the first side and the second side, the via including an electrically conductive material.
18. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the second conducting layer is connected to the via including the electrically conductive material to electrically couple to the second contact pad on the first side of the insulating material, such that the first contact pad and the second contact pad are provided on the same side of the insulating material.
19. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the working electrode comprises an analyte responsive enzyme and a mediator, wherein at least one of the analyte responsive enzyme and the mediator is chemically bonded to a polymer disposed on the working electrode, and wherein at least one of the analyte responsive enzyme and the mediator is crosslinked with the polymer.
20. The apparatus of claim 14 , further including a temperature probe configured to obtain one or more temperature related signals.