Protocol and apparatus for determining heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
A hemostasis analyzer, such as the Thrombelastograph® (TEG®) hemostasis analyzer is utilized to measure continuously in real time, the hemostasis process from the initial fibrin formation, through platelet-fibrin interaction and lysis to generate blood hemostasis parameters. The measured blood hemostasis parameters permit determination of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia II complex (HiT II).
1. A method of determining heparin-induced thrombocytopenia complex (HiT) comprising:
testing a first portion of a whole blood sample taken from a HiT suspect patient to determine a first blood sample characteristic and to provide data indicative of the same;
testing a second portion of the whole blood sample to determine a second blood sample characteristic and to provide data indicative of the same, the second portion having a reagent added in vitro in a quantity sufficient to suppress platelet activation within the second portion; and
providing an indication of the presence of HiT based upon the first blood sample characteristic data and the second blood sample characteristic data.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first blood sample characteristic data are indicative of at least one of a clot strength measurement, a clot elasticity measurement, a clot rate of formation measurement and a clot rate of lysis measurement of the first whole blood sample.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second blood sample characteristic data are indicative of at least one of a clot strength measurement, a clot elasticity measurement, a clot rate of formation measurement and a clot rate of lysis measurement of the second whole blood sample.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reagent comprising a quantity of heparin in excess of or equal to 5 microlitres (ul) of 1 Units/milliliter (U/ml).
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reagent comprising a quantity of heparin in excess of or equal to 5 microliters (ul) of 3 Units/milliliter (U/ml).
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the activator comprises a quantity of heparin in excess of or equal to 5 microliters (ul) of 30 Units/milliliter (U/ml).
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reagent comprise quantity comprises a quantity of heparin in the range of 5 microliters (ul) of 1 Units/milliliter (U/ml) to 5 microliters (ul) of 30 Units/milliliter (U/ml).
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second blood sample characteristic represents a fibrin contribution to hemostasis.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first blood sample characteristic represents a contribution to hemostasis of activated platelets in the presence of HiT.
10. The method of claim 1 , comprising testing a third portion of the whole blood sample to determine a third blood sample characteristic and to provide data indicative of the same, the third portion having the reagent added in vitro in another quantity, different than the quantity added to the second portion; and
providing an indication of the presence of HiT based upon the first blood sample characteristic data, the second blood sample characteristic data and the third blood sample characteristic data.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the first portion and the second portion comprises a platelet rich plasma (PRP)-patient plasma mixture.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the first portion and the second portion comprises patient whole blood.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the first portion and the second portion comprises an activator in addition to the reagent.
14. The method of claim 1 , comprising substantially simultaneously testing the first portion and the second portion.