Nonlinear optic glassy fiber, methods of making and applications of the same
A process for producing an optical glass fiber from crystal-glass phase material. In one embodiment, the process includes the step of providing a molten crystal-glass phase material in a container, wherein the temperature of the molten crystal-glass phase material is at or above the melting temperature of the molten crystal-glass phase material, T m , to allow the molten crystal-glass phase material is in liquid phase. The process further includes the step of cooling the molten crystal-glass phase material such that the temperature of the molten crystal-glass phase material, T 1 , is reduced to below T m to cause the molten crystal-glass phase material to be changed from the liquid phase to a viscous melt. Moreover, the process has the step of pulling a glass fiber of the crystal-glass phase material from the viscous melt, wherein T 1 satisfies the following relationship: T v <T 1 <T m , and T v being the temperature at which the vitrification of the viscous melt of the crystal-glass phase material occurs, and wherein the crystal-glass phase material is characterized by having a reversible thermal behavior.
1. A glassy or crystal compound made from one or more noncentrosymmetric crystal-glass phase-change materials comprising one or more chalcogenide compounds having a structure of A 1-x A′ x PSe 6 S 6-y (A, A′=K, Rb, Tl, Ag, Cu; 0 ≦x <1; 0≦y<6), A 2-x A′ x P 2 Se 6 S 6-y (A, A′=K, Rb, Cs, Tl, Ag, Cu; 0≦x <1; 0≦y ≦6), or A 1-x A′ x PSe z (A, A′=K, Rb, Cs, Tl, Ag, Cu; 0 ≦x ≦1; 6 <z<12).
2. The glassy or crystal compound of claim 1 , wherein the chalcogenide compounds comprise one or more compounds having a structure of A 1-x A′ x PSe 6 S 6-y (A, A′=K, Rb, Tl, Ag, Cu; 0 ≦x<1; 0 ≦y<6), A 2-x A′ x P 2 Se 6 S 6-y (A, A′=K, Rb, Cs, Tl, Ag, Cu; 0≦x<1; 0 ≦y <6), or A 1 A′ x PSe, (A, A′=K, Rb, Cs, Tl, Ag, Cu; 0 ≦x<1; 6 <z<12).
3. The glassy or crystal compound of claim 1 , wherein the chalcogenide compounds comprise at least a part of a polymeric 1 ∞[PSe 6 − ]chain, an extended helical chain of 1 ∞[P 2 Se 6 2− ], or an Se z (6 <z<12) chain forming a glassy compound.
4. A nonlinear optic or ferroelectric article comprising the glassy or crystal compound of claim 1 .
5. The glassy or crystal compound of claim 1 , wherein the glassy or crystal compound exhibits second harmonic generation in the infrared.
6. The glassy or crystal compound of claim 1 , wherein the glassy or crystal compound exhibits difference frequency generation in the visible and infrared.
7. The glassy or crystal compound of claim 1 , wherein the glassy or crystal compound is in the form of an optical fiber.
8. The glassy or crystal compound of claim 1 , wherein the glassy or crystal compound is in the form of a thin film.
9. The article of claim 4 , wherein the article is a waveguide.
10. The article of claim 4 , wherein the glass or crystal compound exhibits second harmonic generation in the infrared and the article is a frequency converter.
11. The article of claim 4 , wherein the glassy or crystal compound exhibits difference frequency generation in the visible and infrared and the article is a wave-mixer.