Security document with micro-prisms

1. A security document including a substrate of transparent polymeric material, and opacifying layers provided on opposing sides of the substrate, the opacifying layers acting to guide light propagating within the substrate, wherein the substrate is formed with at least one micro-prism for diverting light propagating within or entering the substrate.

2. The security document as claimed in claim 1 wherein the substrate is formed with a plurality of micro-prisms.

3. The security document as claimed in claim 2 wherein the opacifying layer on one side of the substrate only partially covers the substrate to form a window.

4. The security document as claimed in claim 3 wherein the opacifying layer on the opposing side of the substrate only partially covers the substrate to leave an uncovered zone, the substrate within the uncovered zone being formed with the plurality of micro-prisms.

5. The security document as claimed in claim 3 wherein the micro-prisms are arranged to divert light propagating within the substrate out of the window.

6. The security document as claimed in claim 2 wherein each micro-prism includes an inclined face at an acute angle with respect to opposing sides of the substrate.

7. The security document as claimed in claim 6 wherein the acute angle falls substantially within the range from about 30 degrees to about 60 degrees.

8. The security document as claimed in claim 6 wherein the inclined face provides a first interface between the substrate and air.

9. The security document as claimed in claim 2 wherein the height of the micro-prisms falls substantially within the range from about 4 μm to about 22 μm.

10. The security document as claimed in claim 2 wherein adjacent micro-prisms are at least about 2 μm apart.

11. A method of determining a characteristic of a security document, the method including the steps of:

(a) providing a security document as claimed in claim 1 ;

(b) projecting light from a light source into the substrate of the security document;

(c) detecting a light emission of the substrate; and

(d) analyzing one or more characteristics of the light emission to determine a characteristic of the security document.

12. The method, as claimed in claim 11 , wherein step (c) includes detecting the intensity or integrity of the light emission from a window or edge of the security document.

13. A security document including a substrate of transparent polymeric material, and opacifying layers provided on opposing sides of the substrate, the opacifying layers acting to guide light propagating within the substrate, the substrate being formed with a plurality of micro-prisms for diverting light propagating within the substrate or entering the substrate, each micro-prism including an inclined face at an acute angle with respect to opposing sides of the substrate, the inclined face providing a first interface between the substrate and air, wherein light propagating within the substrate, which is incident on the inclined face at an angle greater than a critical angle, is reflected at the first interface.

14. The security document as claimed in claim 13 wherein the opacifying layer on one side of the substrate only partially covers the substrate to form a window.

15. The security document as claimed in claim 14 wherein the opacifying layer on the opposing side of the substrate only partially covers the substrate to leave an uncovered zone, the substrate within the uncovered zone being formed with the plurality of micro-prisms.

16. The security document as claimed in claim 14 wherein the micro-prisms are arranged to divert light propagating within the substrate out of the window.

17. The security document as claimed in claim 13 wherein the acute angle falls substantially within the range from about 30 degrees to about 60 degrees.

18. A security document as claimed in claim 13 wherein each micro-prism includes a second face substantially perpendicular to the opposing sides of the substrate.

19. A security document as claimed in claim 18 wherein the second face provides a second interface between air and the substrate.

20. A security document as claimed in claim 19 wherein light propagating within the substrate, which is incident on the inclined face at an angle less than the critical angle, is refracted away from the normal of the first interface and towards the second face of the micro-prism.

21. A security document as claimed in claim 20 wherein light refracted towards the second face of the micro-prism, which is incident on the second face, is refracted towards the normal of the second interface.

22. A security document as claimed in claim 21 wherein light refracted at the second interface of the micro-prism propagates within the substrate substantially parallel to the opposing sides of the substrate.

23. A security document as claimed in claim 22 wherein the light refracted at the second interface, which is incident on the inclined face of an adjacent micro-prism at an angle less than the critical angle, is reflected at the inclined face of the adjacent micro-prism.

24. A security document as claimed in claim 13 wherein the height of the micro-prisms falls substantially within the range from about 4 μm to about 22 μm.

25. A security document as claimed in claim 13 wherein adjacent micro-prisms are at least about 2 μm apart.

26. A security document including a substrate of transparent polymeric material, and opacifying layers provided on opposing sides of the substrate, the opacifying layer on one side of the substrate only partially covering the substrate to form a window, the opacifying layers acting to guide light propagating within the substrate, wherein the substrate is formed with a plurality of micro-prisms for diverting light propagating within or entering the substrate, wherein the micro-prisms are arranged to direct light incident on the window to propagate along the substrate.