Anilinopiperazine derivatives and methods of use thereof

1. A compound having the formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the dashed line indicates an optional and additional bond and wherein:

R 1 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halo, -(alkylene) m -aryl, -alkenylene-aryl, -alkynylene-aryl, -(alkylene) m cycloalkyl, -(alkylene) m -heteroaryl, -(alkylene) m -heterocyclenyl, wherein any aryl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclenyl group can be optionally substituted with up to 5 substituents, which may be the same or different, and are independently selected from halo, alkyl, cycloalkyl, -(alkylene) m -N(R 9 ) 2 , -(alkylene) m -O-alkyl, —O-aryl, —C(O)R 8 , —S-alkyl, —O-aryl, -(alkylene) m -CN, alkynyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, —O-haloalkyl, —C(O)OR 7 , —NHC(O)R 7 , —C(O)N(R 7 ) 2 , —S(O) 2 N(R 8 ) 2 , —NHS(O) 2 R 8 , -(alkylene) m -heteroaryl, -(alkylene) m -heterocyclyl and -(alkylene) m -aryl; wherein an alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group can be substituted with one or more substituents, which may be the same or different, and are independently selected from halo, alkyl, —N(R 7 ) 2 , —C(O)OH, aryl, and —O-alkyl; wherein any cyclic R 1 group can be optionally fused to a cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl group; such that when R 1 is heteroaryl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclenyl, these groups are attached to the rest of the compound of formula (I) by a ring carbon atom;

R 2 is H, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, -(alkylene) m -C(O)N(R 8 ) 2 , -(alkylene) m -NHC(O)—R 9 or -(alkylene) m -N(R 9 ) 2 , or R 2 and the ring carbon atom to which it is attached, form a carbonyl group;

R 3 is H, -alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, -(alkylene) m -C(O)N(R 8 ) 2 , -(alkylene) m -NHC(O)—R 9 or -(alkylene) m -N(R 9 ) 2 , or R 3 and R 3a , together with the common carbon atom to which each are attached, join to form a carbonyl, cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl group;

R 3a is H, -alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, -(alkylene) m -C(O)N(R 8 ) 2 , -(alkylene) m -NHC(O)—R 9 or -(alkylene) m -N(R 9 ) 2 ;

each occurrence of R 4 is independently H, -alkyl, -(alkylene) m -aryl, -(alkylene) m -heteroaryl, -(alkylene) m -heterocyclyl, -(alkylene) m -N(R 8 ) 2 , -(alkylene) m -OH, -(alkylene) m -NHC(O)R 8 , hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, —CH 2 NH 2 , —C(O)R 5 , —C(O)OR 8 , —C(O)-(alkylene) m -N(R 8 ) 2 , —C(O)NH-alkyl, —C(O)N(alkyl) 2 , -(alkylene) m -NHC(O)R 6 , —NHC(O)OR 8 , —CR 2 C(O)NH 2 , —CR 2 C(O)NH(alkyl), —CR 2 C(O)NH(alkyl) 2 or —NHS(O) 2 R 6 ;

R 5 is H, alkyl, aryl,-heteroaryl or —NHOH;

each occurrence of R 6 is independently H, alkyl, aryl or haloalkyl;

each occurrence of R 7 is H, —OH, alkyl, —O-alkyl, cycloalkyl or haloalkyl;

each occurrence of R 8 is independently H, alkyl, -(alkylene) m -aryl, -(alkylene) m -heterocyclyl, -(alkylene) m -heteroaryl or -(alkylene) m -cycloalkyl;

each occurrence of R 9 is H, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, -(alkylene) m -aryl, -(alkylene) m -heterocyclyl, -(alkylene) m -heteroaryl or -(alkylene) m -cycloalkyl;

R 10 is H, -alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, -(alkylene) m -C(O)N(R 8 ) 2 , -(alkylene) m -NHC(O)—R 9 or -(alkylene) m -N(R 9 ) 2 , or R 10 and R 10a , together with the common carbon atom to which each are attached, join to form a carbonyl, cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl group;

R 10a is H, -alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, -(alkylene) m -C(O)N(R 8 ) 2 , -(alkylene) m -NHC(O)—R 9 or -(alkylene) m -N(R 9 ) 2 ;

each occurrence of R 11 is independently H, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, -(alkylene) m -C(O)N(R 8 ) 2 , -(alkylene) m -NHC(O)—R 9 or -(alkylene) m -N(R 9 ) 2 , or any R 11 and the ring carbon atom to which it is attached, form a carbonyl group;

each occurrence of R 12 is independently H, alkyl, -(alkylene) m -aryl, -(alkylene) m -heteroaryl, -(alkylene) m -heterocyclyl, —S(O) 2 -alkyl, —S(O) 2 -aryl, —S(O) 2 -heteroaryl, hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)R 8 , or —C(O)OR 8 ;

Ar is arylene or heteroarylene, wherein the arylene or heteroarylene is joined via any 2 of its adjacent ring carbon atoms, and wherein the arylene or heteroarylene group can be optionally substituted with up to 4 substituents, which may be the same or different, and are independently selected from halo, alkyl, —OH, —OR 9 , -(alkylene) m -N(R 6 ) 2 , —N(alkyl) 2 , —SR 9 , —S(O)R 8 , —S(O) 2 R 8 , —S(O) 2 NHR 9 , —C(O)R 8 , —C(O)OR 9 , -(alkylene) m -C(O)N(R 8 ) 2 , —NHC(O)R 9 , haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, —CN and NO 2 , such that when Ar is tetrahydronaphthylene, R 2 and R 3 are each other than hydrogen;

W is —N(R 12 )—, —S—, —O— or —C(R 4 ) 2 —, wherein both R 4 groups and the common carbon atom to which they are attached can combine to form a cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl group, each of which can be further substituted;

Y is H, halo, alkyl or —CN;

Z is —C(R 7 )—or —N—, such that when the optional additional bond is present, Z is —C(R 7 )—;

each occurrence of m is independently 0 or 1;

n is an integer ranging from 0 to 2; and

p is 0 or 1.

2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is -aryl, -arylalkyl, benzofused cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, benzofused heteroaryl or benzofused heterocyclenyl.

3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is phenyl, pyridyl, thiophenyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrimidinyl, biphenyl, phenyl-O-phenyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, N-alkyl indolyl or

wherein r is 1, 2 or 3.

4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is:

5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ar is:

6. The compound of claim 5 , wherein n is 1 and Y is H.

7. The compound of claim 6 , wherein Z is N and R 2 and R 3 are each —H.

8. The compound of claim 6 , wherein W is NH.

9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the group

10. The compound of claim 9 , wherein R 1 is:

11. The compound of claim 1 having the formula:

wherein

R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are as defined in claim 1 ;

each Q is independently CH or N, such at least three occurrences of Q must be CH; and

R 8 is H or alkyl.

12. The compound of claim 11 , wherein each occurrence of Q is CH, and R 2 , R 3 , R 8 and Y are each —H.

13. The compound of claim 12 , wherein R 1 is -aryl, -benzofused cycloalkyl, -heteroaryl, -benzofused heteroaryl or -benzofused heterocyclenyl.

14. A compound having the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

15. A compound of claim 1 in purified form.

16. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of at least one compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

17. The composition of claim 16 , further comprising at least one additional anticancer agent.

18. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the at least one additional anticancer agents are selected from the group consisting of cytostatic agent, cisplatin, doxorubicin, taxotere, taxol, etoposide, irinotecan, camptostar, topotecan, paclitaxel, docetaxel, epothilones, tamoxifen, 5-fluorouracil, methoxtrexate, temozolomide, cyclophosphamide, SCH 66336, R115777, L778,123, BMS 214662, Iressa, Tarceva, antibodies to EGFR, Gleevec, intron, ara-C, adriamycin, cytoxan, gemcitabine, Uracil mustard, Chlormethine, Ifosfamide, Melphalan, Chlorambucil, Pipobroman, Triethylenemelamine, Triethylenethiophosphoramine, Busulfan, Carmustine, Lomustine, Streptozocin, Dacarbazine, Floxuridine, Cytarabine, 6-Mercaptopurine, 6-Thioguanine, Fludarabine phosphate, Pentostatine, Vinblastine, Vincristine, Vindesine, Bleomycin, Dactinomycin, Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin, Mithramycin, Deoxycoformycin, Mitomycin-C, L-Asparaginase, Teniposide 17α-Ethinylestradiol, Diethylstilbestrol, Testosterone, Prednisone, Fluoxymesterone, Dromostanolone propionate, Testolactone, Megestrolacetate, Methylprednisolone, Methyltestosterone, Prednisolone, Triamcinolone, Chlorotrianisene, Hydroxyprogesterone, Aminoglutethimide, Estramustine, Medroxyprogesteroneacetate, Leuprolide, Flutamide, Toremifene, goserelin, Carboplatin, Hydroxyurea, Amsacrine, Procarbazine, Mitotane, Mitoxantrone, Levamisole, Navelbene, Anastrazole, Letrazole, Capecitabine, Reloxafine, Droloxafine, Hexamethylmelamine, Avastin, Herceptin, Bexxar, Velcade, Zevalin, Trisenox, Xeloda, Vinorelbine, Profimer, Erbitux, Liposomal, Thiotepa, Altretamine, Melphalan, Trastuzumab, Lerozole, Fulvestrant, Exemestane, Ifosfomide, Rituximab, C225, Doxil, Ontak, Deposyt, Mylotarg, Campath, Celebrex, Sutent, Aranesp, Neupogen, Neulasta, Kepivance, SU11248, and PTK787.

19. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of at least one compound of claim 14 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

20. The composition of claim 19 , further comprising at least one additional anticancer agent.

21. The composition of claim 20 , wherein the at least one additional anticancer agents are selected from the group consisting of cytostatic agent, cisplatin, doxorubicin, taxotere, taxol, etoposide, irinotecan, camptostar, topotecan, paclitaxel, docetaxel, epothilones, tamoxifen, 5-fluorouracil, methoxtrexate, temozolomide, cyclophosphamide, SCH 66336, R115777, L778,123, BMS 214662, Iressa, Tarceva, antibodies to EGFR, Gleevec, intron, ara-C, adriamycin, cytoxan, gemcitabine, Uracil mustard, Chlormethine, Ifosfamide, Melphalan, Chlorambucil, Pipobroman, Triethylenemelamine, Triethylenethiophosphoramine, Busulfan, Carmustine, Lomustine, Streptozocin, Dacarbazine, Floxuridine, Cytarabine, 6-Mercaptopurine, 6-Thioguanine, Fludarabine phosphate, Pentostatine, Vinblastine, Vincristine, Vindesine, Bleomycin, Dactinomycin, Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin, Mithramycin, Deoxycoformycin, Mitomycin-C, L-Asparaginase, Teniposide 17α-Ethinylestradiol, Diethylstilbestrol, Testosterone, Prednisone, Fluoxymesterone, Dromostanolone propionate, Testolactone, Megestrolacetate, Methylprednisolone, Methyltestosterone, Prednisolone, Triamcinolone, Chlorotrianisene, Hydroxyprogesterone, Aminoglutethimide, Estramustine, Medroxyprogesteroneacetate, Leuprolide, Flutamide, Toremifene, goserelin, Carboplatin, Hydroxyurea, Amsacrine, Procarbazine, Mitotane, Mitoxantrone, Levamisole, Navelbene, Anastrazole, Letrazole, Capecitabine, Reloxafine, Droloxafine, Hexamethylmelamine, Avastin, Herceptin, Bexxar, Velcade, Zevalin, Trisenox, Xeloda, Vinorelbine, Profimer, Erbitux, Liposomal, Thiotepa, Altretamine, Melphalan, Trastuzumab, Lerozole, Fulvestrant, Exemestane, Ifosfomide, Rituximab, C225, Doxil, Ontak, Deposyt, Mylotarg, Campath, Celebrex, Sutent, Aranesp, Neupogen, Neulasta, Kepivance, SU11248, and PTK787.