Primary reformer with secondary inlet channels supplying the burner
The invention relates to a reactor for catalytic reformation of hydrocarbons with steam at elevated pressure, said reactor comprising a reaction space and a fire space, said reaction space comprised of a multitude of vertical tubes arranged in rows and suitable for being filled with a catalyst, and having facilities for feeding hydrocarbons and steam to be reformed to the reaction space, and furthermore comprising facilities for discharge of reformed synthesis gas from the reaction space, and furthermore comprising a multitude of firing facilities in the upper area of the firing space, said firing facilities being able to generate mainly downwardly directed flames that are suitable to heat the aforementioned reaction tubes, with the tube feeding air to the burner being equipped with a facility for adjusting and setting the air flow, and there being a secondary air feeder mounted additionally to this tube and branching-off from it and configured in various layouts and having an independently controllable facility for adjusting and setting the air flow and also feeding air to the firing device so that a more favorable ratio of fuel gas versus air results at the burners so as to be able to achieve a waste gas poor in nitric oxides.
1. A reactor for catalytic primary reformation of hydrocarbons with steam at elevated pressure comprising:
a device for top-firing of a reforming process furnace, wherein
a firing device configured to heat a thermally insulated furnace space with gas-proof sealed process-managing reforming tubes arranged in the furnace space which are to be fed with a catalyst suitable for reforming processes and through which a reforming gas mixture is passed, and
the firing device is comprised of a multitude of burners arranged between these reforming tubes, and
the firing device is connected to a supply of fuel gas and a supply of air, and
separate feeder devices exist in each burner for the fuel gas and air, said feeder devices being arranged in flush alignment and being lockable individually, and
each burner is configured to blend the fuel gas and air in the burner, wherein the feeder device for air into each burner comprises a main inlet channel and an additional secondary inlet channel, and
both inlet channels are equipped with facilities that are suitable to adjust and also to shut-off the gas flow, and
the secondary inlet channel is branched off from the relevant main inlet channel downstream of the facility for adjustment of the gas flow, and wherein the other channel extends further and forms a primary air channel, and
the ratio of cross-sectional areas of the secondary inlet channel to the main inlet channel upstream to the branch-off of the secondary inlet channel ranges between 1:2 and 1:100.
2. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the secondary inlet channels and the main inlet channels are equipped with individually lockable feeder devices.
3. A device according to claim 2 , comprising primary and secondary butterfly flaps, wherein the secondary butterfly flaps can be operated each immediately next to the associated main butterfly flaps.
4. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the secondary inlet channels are guided from the branch-off point downwards into the fire space.
5. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the secondary inlet channels are inclined or have an offset step.
6. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the secondary inlet channels in the burner entrance area are configured in the form of a slot or a twisting element or a bifurcated tube.
7. A reactor for catalytic primary reformation of hydrocarbons with steam at elevated pressure with a device for top-firing of a reforming process furnace, wherein:
a firing device is configured to heat a thermally insulated furnace space with gas-proof sealed process-managing reforming tubes arranged in the furnace space which are to be fed with a catalyst suitable for reforming processes and through which a reforming gas mixture is passed, and
the firing device is comprised of a multitude of burners arranged between these reforming tubes, and
the firing device is configured to be supplied with fuel gas and a supply of air, and
separate feeder devices exist in each burner for fuel gas and air, said feeder devices being arranged in flush alignment and being lockable individually, and
each burner is configured to blend the fuel gas and air, wherein the feeder device for air into each burner comprises a main inlet channel and an additional secondary inlet channel, and
both inlet channels are equipped with facilities that are suitable to adjust and also to shut-off the gas flow, and
the secondary inlet channel is branched off from the relevant main inlet channel downstream of the facility for adjustment of the gas flow, and wherein the other channel extends further and forms a primary air channel, and
the ratio of cross-sectional areas of the secondary inlet channel to the main inlet channel upstream to the branch-off of the secondary inlet channel ranges between 1:2 and 1:100;
the secondary inlet channels are guided from the branch-off point downwards into the fire space;
the secondary inlet channels and the main inlet channels are equipped with individually lockable feeder devices; and
the reactor further comprises primary and secondary butterfly flaps, wherein the secondary butterfly flaps can be operated each immediately next to the associated primary butterfly flaps.