Functional polyglycolide nanoparticles derived from unimolecular micelles
Poly(glycolide) polymers are disclosed. The polymers generally include a glycolide-based polymer backbone that includes one or more functional groups such as alkynyl groups, hydrophilic organic triazole groups, hydrophobic organic triazole groups (also including amphiphilic organic triazole groups), di-triazole organic crosslinking groups, and triazole-substituted drug derivatives. The alkynyl groups provide reactive sites for further functionalization of the polymer, for example by reaction with azide derivatives. The polymers can further encapsulate a drug for delivery to a patient (i.e., as compared to drug derivatives that are covalently attached to the polymer). The polymers can be in the form of thermodynamically stable unimolecular micelles or crosslinked nanoparticles. The polymer compositions are completely biodegradable and hold great potential for use in biomedical applications.
1. A poly(glycolide) polymer comprising: a triazole reaction product of
(a) an alkynyl glycolide according to Formula III
(b) an azide-substituted hydrophilic organic compound; and,
(c) optionally one or more of an azido organic crosslinker, an azide-substituted hydrophobic organic compound, an azide-substituted liquid crystal mesogen, an azide-substituted dye, and an azide-substituted drug;
wherein:
(i) R 1 comprises one or more moieties selected from a hydrogen, an alkyl group, and an alkynyl group;
(ii) R 2 comprises an alkynyl group;
(iii) R comprises a terminal group;
(iv) x ranges from 0 to less than 1; and,
(v) n ranges from about 10 to about 1000.
2. The poly(glycolide) polymer of claim 1 , wherein the alkynyl group comprises 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
3. The poly(glycolide) polymer of claim 1 , wherein the azide-substituted hydrophilic organic compound comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of an azide-substituted polyoxyalkylene, an azide-substituted organic amine, an azide-substituted carboxylic acid, an azide-substituted carboxylate salt, an azide-substituted alkyl polyoxyalkylene, an azide-substituted ketone, an azide-substituted alcohol, an azide-substituted ester, and combinations thereof.
4. The poly(glycolide) polymer of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is in the form of a unimolecular micelle having (i) a diameter of about 50 nm or less as measured by dynamic light scattering in aqueous solution with (ii) a substantially hydrophilic exterior and a substantially hydrophobic interior.
5. The poly(glycolide) polymer of claim 4 , wherein the unimolecular micelle further-comprises an encapsulated drug within the interior.
6. The poly(glycolide) polymer of claim 4 , wherein the triazole reaction product comprises moieties resulting from the reaction of the alkynyl glycolide according to Formula III and the azide-substituted drug.
7. The poly(glycolide) polymer of claim 1 , wherein: the triazole reaction product comprises moieties resulting from the reaction of the alkynyl glycolide according to Formula III and the azido organic crosslinker, the polymer is in the form of an intramolecularly crosslinked nanoparticle having (i) a diameter of about 35 nm or less as measured by dynamic light scattering in aqueous solution with (ii) a substantially hydrophilic exterior and a substantially hydrophobic interior.
8. The poly(glycolide) polymer of claim 7 , wherein the crosslinked nanoparticle further comprises an encapsulated drug within the interior.
9. The poly(glycolide) polymer of claim 7 , wherein the triazole reaction product comprises moieties resulting from the reaction of the alkynyl glycolide according to Formula III and the azide-substituted drug.
10. A plurality of crosslinked nanoparticles according to claim 7 , wherein the plurality of crosslinked nanoparticles has a distribution of crosslinking degrees selected to control the rate of release of an encapsulated component or a covalently bound component in the plurality of crosslinked nanoparticles.