Short circuit phase identification method
A vehicle drive apparatus includes a battery that is a direct current power source, a converter that increases the voltage of the battery, an inverter connected to a motor that drives the vehicle, an inverter connected to a motor generator that functions as a motor or generator, and a motor control device that controls the motor. The vehicle drive device is also provided with a voltmeter, non-energized state determination devices that determine a non-energized state of the inverters, and ammeters that detect currents applied to a motor from each phase arm of the inverters. Signals of these devices and a signal from the non-energized state determination device are sent to the motor control device.
1. A short circuit phase identification method by which a phase of a motor control device in which a short circuit has occurred is identified by a control signal of an inverter circuit that includes upper-stage and lower-stage transistors, which switch and supply an electric power to each phase of an alternating current motor installed on a vehicle, and a current of each phase detected by current detectors that detect an electric current supplied to each phase of the alternating current motor, the method comprising:
a non-energized state determination process of determining whether each phase is non-energized when the alternative current motor is in a low-rotational speed state, based on the current detected in each phase; and
a malfunction detection process of smoothing the detected current of each phase and determining whether the inverter circuit has malfunctioned if the non-energized state cannot be detected in the non-energized state determination process, based on a difference between a signal taking an absolute value of an electric current after the smoothing process and a signal obtained by smoothing an absolute value of the detected current of each phase, and also based on predetermined current levels of one-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit, and three-phase short circuit.
2. The short circuit phase identification method according to claim 1 , wherein the malfunction detection process further comprises:
detecting whether a short circuit has occurred in the lower-stage or upper-stage transistor of the inverter circuit based on a direction of an electric current flowing in each short-circuited phase.
3. The short circuit phase identification method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
the free rotation process of detecting a short-circuited transistor of the inverter circuit based on information from the malfunction detection process and causing the alternating current motor to rotate using a force other than electric power by switching on all the remaining upper-stage or lower-stage transistors on the detected transistor side.
4. The short circuit phase identification method according to claim 3 , further comprising:
supplying an electric power to the alternating current motor by another inverter circuit to drive a vehicle and again detecting the short-circuited phase by rotating another alternating current motor if the alternating current motor is set to a free rotation state by the free rotation process.
5. A malfunction determination device for an inverter circuit that includes upper-stage and lower-stage transistors, which switch and supply power to each phase of an alternating current motor installed on a vehicle, the malfunction determination device comprising:
current detectors that detect an electric current supplied to each phase of the alternating current motor; and
a malfunction detection device that smoothes the detected current of each phase and determines whether a malfunction has occurred in the inverter circuit based on a difference between a signal taking an absolute value of the smoothed electric current of each phase and a signal obtained by smoothing the absolute value of the detected current of each phase, and predetermined current levels in one-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit, and three-phase short circuit, if a non-energized state of each phase in a low-rotation state of the alternating current motor cannot be detected based on the detected current of each phase.