Method of forming a hollow sand core
A method of forming a hollow sand core involves placing a preform into a cavity defined in a mold, where the preform has a predetermined configuration. A granular material is then introduced into the mold cavity and around the preform. The introduced granular material is established around the preform to form the hollow sand core. The preform is deformed in a manner sufficient to enable removal of the preform from inside the hollow sand core, and then is removed from the sand core. The removal of the preform exposes a hollow portion of the sand core.
1. A method of forming a hollow sand core, comprising:
placing a preform into a cavity defined in a mold, the preform having a predetermined configuration;
introducing a granular material into the mold cavity and around the preform;
establishing the granular material around the preform to form a sand core;
deforming the preform in a manner sufficient to enable removal of the preform from inside the sand core; and
removing the deformed preform from the sand core, thereby exposing a hollow portion of the sand core, wherein the preform is made from a shape memory polymer, and wherein prior to placing the preform into the cavity, the method further comprises:
setting a permanent shape of the shape memory polymer;
heating the shape memory polymer in its permanent shape to a temperature above its glass transition temperature, thereby rendering the shape memory polymer pliable;
shaping the pliable shape memory polymer into the predetermined configuration; and
cooling the shape memory polymer to set the predetermined configuration and thus a temporary shape of the shape memory polymer.
2. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the shaping is accomplished by at least one of stretching, pressurizing, molding, or applying a mechanical force to the shape memory polymer.
3. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the introducing of the granular material is accomplished under pressure or by gravity.
4. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein after introducing the granular material into the mold cavity, the method further comprises bonding the granular material to form the sand core.
5. The method as defined in claim 4 wherein bonding the granular material is accomplished via a catalytic reaction.
6. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the granular material is introduced into the mold cavity via blowing.
7. The method as defined in claim 1 , wherein the predetermined configuration is a temporary shape of the shape memory material, and wherein a permanent shape of the shape memory material has a smaller diameter than the temporary shape.
8. The method as defined in claim 7 wherein the deforming of the preform is accomplished by introducing a heated fluid into the preform, the heated fluid having a temperature above a glass transition temperature of the preform.
9. The method as defined in claim 7 wherein the deforming of the preform is accomplished by:
introducing a fluid into the preform; and
heating the fluid to a temperature above a glass transition temperature of the preform.
10. The method as defined in claim 9 wherein the fluid is a gas.
11. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein after establishing the granular material around the preform, the method further comprises curing the granular material.
12. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the sand core is used for casting a part, and wherein the removing of the preform is accomplished i) prior to the casting, or ii) during a shake-out process after the casting.
13. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the preform is a shape memory polymer, and wherein the shape memory polymer is selected from thermoplastic shape memory polymers and thermoset shape memory polymers.