Composite Stylet
A composite stylet for facilitating insertion of an implantable electrode array into either a left or right cochlea comprises a composite having a glass transition temperature between room temperature and body temperature. While relatively stiff and straight at room temperature, the composite stylet is slidably inserted into a longitudinal lumen of the electrode array. The electrode array is then inserted into the cochlea. As the composite stylet within the electrode array warms to body temperature, it becomes compliant, allowing the electrode array to assume a spiral shape. The proximal end of the composite stylet, which is not inserted into the body, retains its stiffness to aid the implanter in inserting the electrode array.
1 . A cochlear electrode stylet having a proximal end and a distal end, comprising:
an elongated member comprising a composite of a polymer and a reinforcing material, wherein upon insertion of the distal end into a cochlea, a portion of the stylet within the body softens to reduce the elastic modulus of the portion by at least a factor of 2 in response to cochlear temperature.
2 . The stylet of claim 1 , wherein the elastic modulus at room temperature is at least 1 GPa.
3 . The stylet of claim 1 , wherein the diameter of the portion is between 0.004 and 0.018 inches.
4 . The stylet of claim 1 , wherein the portion softens prior to reaching its final implant depth in the cochlea.
5 . The stylet of claim 1 , wherein the reinforcing material is not uniformly distributed along the stylet such that at a given temperature, the stylet has a higher elastic modulus at a basal portion than at a distal portion.
6 . The stylet of claim 1 , wherein the reinforcing material comprises glass or carbon fibers.
7 . The stylet of claim 1 , wherein the stylet has a noncircular cross section.
8 . The stylet of claim 1 , wherein the room temperature elastic modulus varies along its length.
9 . The stylet of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises a polyurethane.
10 . The stylet of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises an epoxy.
11 . The stylet of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises a shape memory material and wherein the stylet assumes a substantially straight unconstrained configuration at room temperature and assumes a curved unconstrained configuration at body temperature.
12 . A method of implanting a cochlear electrode array, comprising:
inserting a stylet into a lumen of the cochlear electrode array such that a distal end of the stylet is substantially at a distal end of the electrode array, the stylet comprising a composite of at least one polymer and at least one reinforcing material, the composite having a glass transition temperature of between about room temperature and about body temperature; and
inserting the distal end of the electrode array through a cochleostomy while maintaining the stylet distal end substantially at the electrode array distal end and simultaneously allowing the portion of the stylet within the electrode array to soften as it is heated by the body while the portion of the stylet outside the electrode array remains below the glass transition temperature.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein a portion of the stylet softens to reduce the elastic modulus by at least a factor of 2 in response to cochlear temperature.
14 . The method of claim 12 , further including:
removing the stylet from the electrode array.
15 . The method of claim 12 , further including:
allowing the stylet to permanently reside in the electrode array.
16 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the electrode array has a relaxed shape of a spiral at room temperature when not inside the cochlea and when not stiffened with a stylet.
17 . The method of claim 12 , further comprising the step of utilizing an additional insertion tool while the stylet is in the lumen.
18 . A cochlear electrode array implant stylet kit, comprising:
a first stylet comprising a composite of a polymer and a reinforcing material, wherein upon insertion of a distal end of the first stylet into a cochlea, a portion of the first stylet within the body softens to reduce the elastic modulus by at least a factor of 2 in response to cochlear temperature; and
a second stylet comprising a composite of a polymer and a reinforcing material, wherein upon insertion of a distal end of the stylet into a cochlea, a portion of the second stylet within the body softens to reduce the elastic modulus by at least a factor of 2 in response to cochlear temperature, wherein
the second stylet has at least one property different from the properties of the first stylet.
19 . The kit of claim 18 , wherein the portion of the first stylet has an elastic modulus at room temperature of at least 1 GPa.
20 . The kit of claim 18 , wherein the first stylet reinforcing material comprises a first loading fraction of fibers and wherein the second stylet reinforcing material comprises a second loading fraction of fibers different from the first loading fraction of fibers such that the at least one property different from the properties of the first stylet is at least one of room temperature elastic modulus and body temperature elastic modulus.
21 . The kit of claim 18 , wherein the second stylet composite has a different glass transition temperature than the first stylet composite.