Internal combustion engine
An internal combustion engine is provided. Facing pistons eliminate a cylinder head, thereby reducing heat losses through a cylinder head. Facing pistons also halve the stroke that would be required for one piston to provide the same compression ratio, and the engine can thus be run at higher revolutions per minute and produce more power. An internal sleeve valve is provided for space and other considerations. A combustion chamber size-varying mechanism allows for adjustment of the minimum size of an internal volume to increase efficiency at partial-power operation. Variable intake valve operation is used to control engine power.
1. An internal combustion engine, comprising:
a body defining a cylinder;
a piston in the cylinder, a front surface of the piston and a wall of the cylinder defining an internal volume;
a port in the body to allow air and fuel into the internal volume;
a sleeve valve at least partially around the piston having an exterior surface and a distal end, the sleeve valve being movable between a first position where the port is open and a second position where the sleeve valve closes the port;
an oil path-defining piece adjacent to the exterior surface of the sleeve valve, wherein surfaces of the oil path-defining piece and the exterior surface of the sleeve valve define an oil passage;
an oil inlet port through the body into the oil passage;
an oil outlet port from the oil passage through the body; and
a flexible seal having a first end affixed to the body and a second end affixed to the exterior surface of the sleeve valve.
2. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 1 , wherein the flexible seal is a bellows seal.
3. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 2 , wherein the bellows seal has an interior surface and an exterior surface.
4. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 3 , wherein the oil outlet port is partially defined by the inner surface of the bellows seal.
5. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 3 , wherein the port in the body to allow air and fuel into the internal volume is partially defined by the exterior surface of the bellows seal.
6. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 2 , wherein the bellows seal prevents oil travelling through the oil passage from entering into the internal volume.
7. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 2 , wherein the bellows seal assists in moving the sleeve valve from the first position to the second position.
8. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 2 , wherein the bellows seal assists the sleeve valve maintain the second position.
9. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 2 , wherein the second end of the bellows seal is affixed proximate to the distal end of the sleeve valve.
10. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 2 , wherein the bellows seal prevents oil travelling through the oil passage from entering the port that allows air and fuel into the internal volume.
11. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 1 , wherein the flexible seal is a cone-shaped seal.
12. An internal combustion engine, comprising:
a body defining first and second cylinders in communication with each other;
first and second pistons in the first and second cylinders respectively, front surfaces of the first and second pistons and walls of the first and second cylinders defining an internal volume;
a first port in the body to allow air and fuel into the internal volume;
a second port in the body to allow exhaust gas out of the internal volume;
a first sleeve valve at least partially around the first piston, the first sleeve valve being movable between a first position where the first port is open and a second position where the first sleeve valve closes the first port;
a second sleeve valve at least partially around the second piston, the second sleeve valve being movable between a first position where the second port is open and a second position where the second sleeve valve closes the second port;
an oil path-defining piece adjacent the first sleeve valve, wherein surfaces of the oil path-defining piece and the sleeve valve define an oil passage;
an oil inlet port through the body into the oil passage;
an oil outlet port from the oil passage through the body; and
a bellows seal having a first end affixed to the body and a second end affixed to the first sleeve valve.
13. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 12 , wherein the bellows seal prevents oil travelling through the oil passage from entering into the internal volume.
14. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 12 , wherein the bellows seal assists in moving the first sleeve valve between the first position and the second position.
15. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 12 , wherein the bellows seal assists the first sleeve valve maintain the second position.
16. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 12 , wherein the second end of the bellows seal is affixed proximate to a distal end of the first sleeve valve.
17. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 12 , wherein the bellows seal prevents oil travelling through the oil passage from entering the first port.
18. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 12 , wherein the bellows seal includes an inner surface and an outer surface.
19. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 18 , wherein the inner surface of the bellows seal prevents oil travelling between the oil passage and the oil outlet port from entering the first port.
20. The internal combustion engine as recited in claim 18 , wherein the outer surface of the bellows seal partially forms the first port.