Method and system for determining time in a satellite positioning system

1. A method of receiving an estimate of time in a satellite signal receiver comprising:

receiving the estimate of time from a server using a time transfer protocol;

receiving ephemeris data relating to a satellite constellation;

computing pseudoranges to a plurality of satellites of the satellite constellation using the ephemeris data;

compensating for error in a clock in the satellite signal receiver using the estimate of time; and

using an output of the error compensated clock as an input for an a-priori estimate of absolute time to a mathematical model to compute a position of the satellite signal receiver and the absolute time, wherein the mathematical model relates the absolute time to the computed pseudoranges based on rates of change of the computed pseudoranges relative to the absolute time.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the time transfer protocol comprises a network time protocol (NTP).

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the time transfer protocol comprises a simple network time protocol (SNTP).

4. A method of receiving an estimate of time in a satellite signal receiver comprising:

requesting and receiving an estimate of time from a server using a time transfer protocol, wherein said request for the estimate of time is periodic;

compensating for error in a clock in the satellite signal receiver using the estimate of time;

using, an output compensated clock as an input for an a-priori estimate of absolute, time to a mathematical model to compute a position of the satellite signal receiver and the absolute time, wherein the mathematical model relates the absolute time to measured pseudoranges based on rates of change of the measured pseudoranges relative to the absolute time;

comparing the computed absolute time with an output of the error compensated clock; and

determining whether the computed absolute time is valid based on the comparison.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the time transfer protocol comprises a network time protocol (NTP).

6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the time transfer protocol comprises a simple network titre protocol (SNIP).

7. The method of claim 4 , wherein receiving the estimate of time comprises:

transmitting a packet from the satellite signal receiver to the server with an originate time stamp derived from the clock;

returning the packet to the satellite signal receiver from the server with receive and transmit time stamps derived from a server clock; and

receiving the packet at the satellite signal receiver with a destination time stamp.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein compensating for error in the clock comprises:

processing the originate, receive, transmit, and destination time stamps to determine an offset for the clock.

9. The method of claim 4 , further comprising:

operating the clock in a low-power state while the satellite signal receiver is inactive.

10. A method of receiving the estimate of time in a satellite signal receiver comprising:

determining a time of last compensation of a clock of the satellite signal receiver;

comparing the time of last compensation with a threshold;

requesting and receiving an estimate of time from a server in response to the time of last compensation exceeding the threshold;

compensating for error in a clock in the satellite signal receiver using the estimate of time; and

using, an output of the error compensated clock as an input for an a-priori estimate of absolute time to a mathematical model to compute a position of the satellite signal receiver and the absolute time, wherein the mathematical model relates the absolute time to measured pseudoranges based on rates of change of the measured pseudoranges relative to the absolute time.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein requesting and receiving the estimate of time is performed in response to an unavailability of absolute time.

12. A method for determining a position of a satellite signal receiver comprising:

computing pseudoranges that estimate a range of the satellite signal receiver to a plurality of satellites in a satellite constellation;

receiving an estimate of time from a server using a time transfer protocol;

compensating for error in a clock in the satellite signal receiver using the estimate of time;

using an output of the error compensated clock as an input for an a-priori estimate of absolute time to a mathematical model to compute the position of the satellite signal receiver and the absolute time wherein the mathematical model relates the absolute time to the computed pseudoranges based on rates of change of the computed pseudoranges relative to the absolute time.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the time transfer protocol comprises a network time protocol (NTP).

14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the time transfer protocol comprises a simple network time protocol (SNTP).

15. A method for determining a position of a satellite signal receiver comprising:

computing pseudoranges that estimate a range of the satellite signal receiver to a plurality of satellites in a satellite constellation;

requesting and receiving an estimate of time from a server using a time transfer protocol, wherein said request for the estimate of time is periodic;

providing an a-priori estimate of absolute time from a time source;

compensating for error in a clock in the satellite signal receiver using the a-priori estimate of absolute time;

using an output of the error compensated clock as an input for the a-priori estimate of absolute time to a mathematical model to compute the position of the satellite signal receiver and the absolute time, wherein the mathematical model relates the absolute time to computed pseudoranges based on rates of change of the computed pseudoranges relative to the absolute times;

comparing the computed absolute time with the estimate of time; and

determining the computed absolute time is valid based on the comparison.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the estimate of time from the server is in error by more than ten milliseconds.

17. A system for determining a position of a mobile device comprising:

a mobile device having a satellite signal receiver and a wireless transceiver; and

a server being in wireless communication with the mobile device,

wherein the satellite signal receiver receives an estimate of time from the server using a time transfer protocol, compensates for error in a local clock in the satellite signal receiver using the estimate of time, uses an output of the error compensated local clock as an a-priori estimate of absolute time to a mathematical model, and computes using the mathematical model a position of the satellite signal receiver and the absolute time, wherein the mathematical model relates the absolute time to computed pseudoranges based on rates of change of the computed pseudoranges relative to the absolute time.

18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the wireless transceiver transmits the computed pseudoranges and the output of the local clock to the server;

and wherein the server receives ephemeris data and computes a position of the mobile device using the computed pseudoranges, the ephemeris data, and the output of the local dock.

19. The system of claim 17 , wherein the mobile device receives an estimate of time from the server by communicating with the server using a network time protocol (NTP).

20. The system of claim 17 , wherein the mobile device receives an estimate of time from the server by communicating with the server using a simple network time protocol (SNTP).

21. The system of claim 17 , wherein the mobile device receives an estimate of time from the server via a transmission of the estimate of time.