Downhole measurement tool circuit and method to balance fault current in a protective inductor
A downhole measurement tool circuit and method to balance fault current in a protective inductor, which keeps an alternating current balanced in a protective choke during a phase-to-ground fault condition in a power cable or a downhole motor of an electrical submersible pump. The downhole measurement tool circuit and method cause a conducting of current during the negative polarity voltage portions of a phase-to-ground fault condition, but do not cause a conduction of negative polarity voltage during use of a negative polarity megger.
1. A downhole system capable of balancing an alternating current between a power cable or a downhole motor of an electrical submersible pump and a downhole measurement tool during a phase-to-ground fault condition, said downhole system comprising:
an electrical coupling between a Y-point of said downhole motor of said electrical submersible pump and said downhole measurement tool; and
a triggerable network that selectively conducts during application of a negative polarity voltage to said downhole measurement tool based on a rate of increase of said negative polarity voltage.
2. The downhole system of claim 1 wherein said triggerable network comprises a silicon-controlled rectifier and an associated resistor that form a path of current conduction for said negative polarity voltage during said phase-to-ground fault condition.
3. The downhole system of claim 2 wherein said triggerable network further comprises a gate input of said silicon-controlled rectifier coupled to a resistor and a capacitor connected in series.
4. The downhole system of claim 3 wherein said silicon-controlled rectifier is a plurality of silicon-controlled rectifiers coupled to a plurality of resistors and a plurality of capacitors connected in series.
5. The downhole system of claim 4 wherein said resistors and said capacitors provide a trigger current for said silicon-controlled rectifiers, and wherein said resistors and said capacitors selectively control said conduction of said silicon-controlled rectifiers.
6. The downhole system of claim 5 wherein said trigger current is based on said rate of increase of said negative polarity voltage.
7. The downhole system of claim 1 further comprising a diode providing a path of current conduction for a positive polarity voltage during said phase-to-ground fault condition and a plurality of zener diodes coupled in series and in a reverse-bias mode to limit the voltage resulting from said positive polarity voltage.
8. The downhole system of claim 1 further comprising an inductor electrically coupled to said Y-point of said downhole motor of said electrical submersible pump and said downhole measurement tool, said inductor being of selected inductance for filtering alternating current ripple voltage from said downhole motor of said electrical submersible pump to said downhole measurement tool.
9. A downhole measurement tool having a circuit capable of balancing an alternating current during a phase-to-ground fault condition, said downhole measurement tool capable of being coupled to a Y-point of a three-phase downhole motor of an electrical submersible pump, said circuit of said downhole measurement tool comprising:
a triggerable network that selectively conducts during application of a negative polarity voltage to said downhole measurement tool based on a rate of increase of said negative polarity voltage; and
an inductor commutating circuit to limit the voltage resulting from a positive polarity voltage during said phase-to-ground fault condition.
10. The downhole measurement tool of claim 9 wherein said triggerable network comprises a silicon-controlled rectifier and an associated resistor that form a path of current conduction for said negative polarity voltage during said phase-to-ground fault condition.
11. The downhole measurement tool of claim 10 wherein said triggerable network further comprises a gate input of said silicon-controlled rectifier coupled to a resistor and a capacitor connected in series.
12. The downhole measurement tool of claim 11 wherein said silicon-controlled rectifier is a plurality of silicon-controlled rectifiers coupled to a plurality of resistors and a plurality of capacitors connected in series.
13. The downhole measurement tool of claim 12 wherein said resistors and said capacitors provide a trigger current for said silicon-controlled rectifiers, and wherein said resistors and said capacitors selectively control said conduction of said silicon-controlled rectifiers.
14. The downhole measurement tool of claim 13 wherein said trigger current is based on said rate of increase of said negative polarity voltage.
15. The downhole measurement tool for claim 9 wherein said inductor commutating circuit further comprises a diode providing a path of current conduction for a positive polarity voltage during said phase-to-ground fault condition and a plurality of zener diodes coupled in series and in a reverse-bias mode to limit the voltage resulting from said positive polarity voltage.
16. The downhole measurement tool of claim 9 further comprising an inductor being of selected inductance for filtering alternating current ripple voltage to said downhole measurement tool.
17. A method of balancing a phase-to-ground fault condition between a power cable or a three-phase downhole motor of an electrical submersible pump and a downhole measurement tool, said method comprising the steps of:
electrically coupling a Y-point of said downhole motor of said electrical submersible pump to said downhole measurement tool;
selectively conducting a negative polarity voltage to said downhole measurement tool during said phase-to-ground fault condition based on a rate of increase of said negative polarity voltage; and
providing a path of current conduction for a positive polarity voltage during said phase-to-ground fault condition.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein said step of selectively conducting said negative polarity voltage is via a silicon-controlled rectifier and a network of resistors and capacitors that form a path of current conduction for said negative polarity voltage during said phase-to-ground fault condition.
19. The method of claim 18 further comprising the step of providing a triggerable network for said silicon-controlled rectifier based on said rate of increase of said negative polarity voltage.
20. The method of claim 19 wherein if said rate of increase of said negative polarity voltage is sufficient, causing said network of resistors and capacitors to provide said trigger current sufficient to trigger said silicon-controlled rectifier thereby causing said silicon-controlled rectifier to conduct current during said negative polarity voltage of said phase-to-ground fault condition.
21. The method of claim 19 wherein if said rate of increase of said negative polarity voltage is insufficient, causing said network of resistors and capacitors to provide said trigger current insufficient to trigger said silicon-controlled rectifier whereby said silicon-controlled rectifier does not conduct current.