Semiconductor device fabrication method
View Patent ↗A method of forming a semiconductor device including a semiconductor substrate with circuit elements and electrode pads formed on one surface. This surface is covered by a dielectric layer with openings above the electrode pads. A metal layer is deposited on the dielectric layer and patterned to form a conductive pattern with traces leading to the electrode pads. A protective layer having openings exposing part of the conductive pattern is formed. Each opening is covered by an electrode such as a solder bump, which is electrically connected through the conductive pattern to one of the electrode pads. The method enables the thickness of the protective layer, which may function as a package of the semiconductor device, to be reduced. The protective layer may be formed from a photosensitive material, simplifying the formation of the openings for the electrodes.
1. A method of forming a semiconductor device from a semiconductor wafer including a semiconductor substrate having a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, and a circuit element formed on the first surface, the method comprising:
forming an electrode pad disposed on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate, electrically coupled to the circuit element;
forming an interlayer dielectric film on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate, the interlayer dielectric film having a through hole extending to the electrode pad, the through hole having an inner wall;
forming a first metal layer on the electrode pad and on the interlayer dielectric film, including the inner wall of the through hole;
forming a first conductive pattern on the first metal layer;
forming a protective layer sealing the first-surface side of the semiconductor substrate, the protective layer having an opening exposing part of the first conductive pattern;
forming a bump electrode covering said opening, the bump electrode being electrically coupled to the exposed part of the first conductive pattern; and
forming a conductive nub disposed on the first metal layer below the opening in the protective layer,
wherein the first conductive pattern includes a first part formed on the conductive nub and projecting from the opening in the protective layer, a second part formed in the through hole, and a third part formed on the interlayer dielectric film to link the first and second parts, and
the bump electrode is formed on the first part of the first conductive pattern.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
coating the first metal layer with a layer of positive photoresist material before forming the conductive nub;
patterning the layer of photoresist material by exposure to light and chemical development to form a photoresist mask having an opening for formation of the conductive nub, the conductive nub then being formed within the opening in the photoresist mask;
further patterning the photoresist mask by exposure to light and chemical development to enlarge the opening therein, thereby creating an enlarged opening for formation of the first conductive pattern, the first conductive pattern then being formed in the enlarged opening; and
removing the photoresist mask after formation of the first conductive pattern, before formation of the protective layer.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
forming a barrier metal layer covering all surfaces of the first conductive pattern except a surface of contact between the first conductive pattern and the first metal layer; wherein
the bump electrode is formed on a part of the barrier metal layer covering the first part of the first conductive pattern.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the barrier metal layer contains at least one metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, palladium, gold and mixtures thereof.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the barrier metal layer is formed by an electro-deposition process.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
coating the first metal layer with a layer of positive photoresist material before forming the conductive nub;
patterning the layer of photoresist material by exposure to light and chemical development to form a photoresist mask having an opening for formation of the conductive nub, the conductive nub then being formed within the opening in the photoresist mask;
further patterning the photoresist mask by exposure to light and chemical development to enlarge the opening therein, thereby creating an enlarged opening for formation of the first conductive pattern, the first conductive pattern then being formed in the enlarged opening;
patterning the photoresist mask still further by exposure to light and chemical development to enlarge the opening therein once again, thereby removing the photoresist material from an area surrounding the first conductive pattern;
forming a barrier metal layer in the twice enlarged opening in the photoresist mask, the barrier metal layer covering all surfaces of the first conductive pattern except a surface of contact between the first conductive pattern and the first metal layer; and
removing the photoresist mask after formation of the barrier metal layer, before formation of the protective layer; wherein
the bump electrode is formed on a part of the barrier metal layer covering the first part of the first conductive pattern.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising;
forming a second conductive pattern on the first conductive pattern before forming the protective layer; wherein
the first conductive pattern has an edge disposed within the opening in the protective layer;
the second conductive pattern covers said edge of the first conductive pattern and has an extension extending from said edge of the first conductive pattern;
the opening in the protective layer also exposes the extension of the second conductive pattern; and
the bump electrode is also formed on the extension of the second conductive pattern.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conductive nub is made of a same material as the first metal layer.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conductive nub is a cylindrical projection.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the interlayer dielectric film is made from photosensitive resin.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the protective layer is made from photosensitive resin.